摘要
The novel coronavirus Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)has emerged and is responsible for the Coronavirus Disease 2019 global pandemic.Cor-onaviruses,including SARS-CoV-2,are strongly associated with respiratory symptoms during infection,but gastrointestinal symptoms,such as diarrhea,vomiting,nausea,and abdominal pain,have been identified in subsets of COVID-19 patients.This article focuses on gastrointes-tinal symptoms and pathophysiology in COVID-19 disease.Evidence suggests that the gastroin-testinal tract could be a viral target for SARS-CoV-2 infection.Not only is the SARS-CoV-2 receptor ACE2 highly expressed in the GI tract and is associated with digestive symptoms,but bleeding and inflammation are observed in the intestine of COVID-19 patients.We further systemically summarize the correlation between COVID-19 dise ase,gastrointestinal symptoms and intestinal microbiota.The potential oral-fecal transmission of COVID-19 was supported by viral RNA and live virus detection in the feces of COVID-19 patients.Additionally,the viral bal-ance in the GI tract could be disordered during SARS-CoV-2 infection which could further impact the homeostasis of the gut microbial flora.Finally,we discuss the cdinical and ongoing trials of treatments/therapies,including antiviral drugs,plasma transfusion and immunoglob-ulins,and diet supplementations for COVID-19.By reviewing the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 virus,and understanding the correlation among COVID-19,inflammation,intestinal microbiota,and lung microbiota,we provide perspective in prevention and control,as well as diagnosis and treatment of the COVID-19 disease.
基金
This research was funded by the United States National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases[R01DK105118-01 and R01DK114126]
United States Department of Defense Congressionally Directed Medical Research Programs[BC160450P1]to Jun Sun.
