摘要
目的分析西安市肾综合征出血热(HFRS)流行特征及变化趋势,掌握其流行及发展规律,为制定有针对性的防控措施提供科学依据。方法采用回顾性分析方法,收集2009-2018年西安市HFRS疫情数据及人口学资料,利用描述性流行病学方法分析HFRS的三间分布(时间、地区、人群分布)情况。结果2009-2018年西安市共报告HFRS病例8710例,年均发病率为10.13/10万,年均死亡率为0.08/10万;自2010年(19.46/10万)的发病高峰后HFRS发病率逐年下降,至2017(9.14/10万)、2018年(9.04/10万)又有所回升。HFRS发病的时间分布为双峰型,以每年的秋冬季高峰(10月至次年1月)为主,占总病例数的74.08%(6452/8710);春夏季高峰(5-7月)占14.33%(1248/8710)。HFRS病例主要集中在长安区(2446例)、周至县(1494例)、户县(1170例)、临潼区(940例),占总病例数的69.46%(6050/8710)。HFRS病例的发病年龄主要集中在15~59岁,占总病例数的74.06%(6451/8710);男性发病率为14.77/10万,女性发病率为5.25/10万,二者比较差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=1921.42,P<0.05);职业分布以农民为主,占总病例数的68.38%(5956/8710)。结论2009-2016年西安市HFRS疫情总体下降,2017-2018年HFRS发病率有所回升。西安市应继续采取积极有效的综合措施加以干预,进一步实现对HFRS的有效控制。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and tendency of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome(HFRS)in Xi'an,master its popular and development laws,and provide scientific basis for formulating targeted prevention and control measures.Methods The retrospective method was used to collect HFRS epidemic data and demographic data from 2009 to 2018 in Xi'an.The descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the three distributions(time,region,population distributions)of HFRS.Results There were 8710 HFRS cases in Xi'an from 2009 to 2018,with an average annual incidence of 10.13/100000 and an average annual mortality rate of 0.08/100000;the incidence of HFRS had decreased year by year since the peak incidence in 2010(19.46/100000),and had rebounded in 2017(9.14/100000),2018(9.04/100000).The time distribution of the onset of HFRS was bimonthly,with peak in autumn and winter(October to January of following year)each year,accounting for 74.08%(6452/8710)of the total number of cases;the peak in spring and summer(May to July)accounted for 14.33%(1248/8710).HFRS cases were mainly concentrated in Chang'an District(2446 cases),Zhouzhi County(1494 cases),Hu County(1170 cases),and Lintong District(940 cases),accounting for 69.46%(6050/8710).The age of onset of HFRS cases was mainly concentrated in 15-59 years old,accounting for 74.06%(6451/8710);the incidence rate in males was 14.77/100000,in females was 5.25/100000,the difference was statistically significant between gender(χ^(2)=1921.42,P<0.05);the occupational distribution was mainly farmers,accounting for 68.38%(5956/8710).Conclusions From 2009 to 2016,the HFRS epidemic situation in Xi'an has showed a downward trend,and the incidence of HFRS has rebounded in 2017-2018.Xi'an should continue to take active and effective comprehensive measures to intervene to further realize effective control of HFRS.
作者
李琴丽
蔡正华
邢远
李广帅
祝睿
董煜
Li Qinli;Cai Zhenghua;Xing Yuan;Li Guangshuai;Zhu Rui;Dong Yu(Emergency Office,Xi'an Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Xi'an 710054,China)
出处
《中华地方病学杂志》
CAS
北大核心
2021年第6期470-474,共5页
Chinese Journal of Endemiology
关键词
肾综合征出血热
流行特征
数据收集
Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome
Epidemiological characteristics
Data collection
