摘要
【目的】近年来白蜡窄吉丁危害对京津冀等地白蜡林造成了巨大压力,以致一些区域不得不更换树种。对北京市通州区白蜡林受危害情况进行评价,探究白蜡窄吉丁在不同程度受害林分的发生特点。【方法】对通州区12个3 km×3 km样区(36块样地)林分进行踏查,选取受害程度为轻度、中度、重度3块白蜡林,通过每木检尺对树干不同区段窄吉丁羽化孔数进行调查,采用Pearson卡方检验和地统计学方法对白蜡窄吉丁在林分内垂直发生和水平扩散特点进行分析。【结果】1)所有白蜡样地林均受到白蜡窄吉丁危害,轻度、中度、重度受害林分别占25%、50%、25%;相关标准地受害株率和虫口密度分别为:65.85%、0.4±1.8头/株,86.95%、7.4±6.9头/株和100%、30.2±15.1头/株。2)白蜡窄吉丁的危害从树干基部可至树干分叉处,其中1 m以下和2 m以上至分叉处虫孔数量显著少于中段1~2 m处(P<0.01);轻、中、重度受害林树干1~2 m处虫孔数量占比分别为72%、76%、69%。3)3种程度受害林虫孔水平分布的最优拟合模型分别为线性模型、指数模型和球状模型,空间依赖范围分别为58.07、4.92和4.70 m,相应的空间变异值为0.000、0.550、0.926,显示轻度受害林中幼虫种群呈随机分布,空间分布完全是由人为因素决定的,不具备空间相关性;中度受害林呈聚集分布,样点间距离小于4.92 m时呈聚集状态,大于该值时开始扩散,空间分布受其自身生物学特性的影响占55.0%,人为因素占45.0%;重度受害林呈聚集分布,样点间距离小于4.70 m时种群呈聚集状态,大于该值时扩散,空间分布受其自身生物学特性影响占92.6%。【结论】白蜡窄吉丁对寄主植物极具侵染性,调查区域所有白蜡林均有其发生,本地区早期栽种的洋白蜡受害更为严重;白蜡窄吉丁在林分受害初期的空间分布完全受人为因素影响,随着林分受害情况进一步发展,空间分布受窄�
【Objective】In recent years,the emerald ash borer(Agrilus planipennis)has caused so much damage to ash forests in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei regions that many areas have experienced complete replacement of tree species.We evaluated the extent of damage that the emerald ash borer induced on ash forests in the Tongzhou district of Beijing and the abundance of the emerald ash borer in ash forests with different degrees of damage.【Method】123 km×3 km sample areas(36 sample plots)were surveyed in the Tongzhou district and ash forests were chosen as mild,moderate,or severely damaged,and the number of emergence holes in the different sections of the tree trunk were examined by following a wood inspection rule.In addition,the vertical occurrence and the horizontal diffusion of the emerald ash borer in the stands were statistically analyzed using Chi-square Test methods and geostatistics.【Result】1)All ash forests in the study area were damaged by the emerald ash borer,and damage induced by emerald ash borers in the mild,moderate,and severely damaged forests accounted for 25%,50%,and 25%of the damage,respectively.The average percentage of plants damaged and insect population density of the mildly,moderately,and severely damaged forests were 65.85%and 0.4±1.8 head/plant,86.95%and 7.4±6.9 head/plant,and 100%and 30.2±15.1 head/plant,respectively.2)Emerald ash borers can cause damage from the base of the trunk to the bifurcation of the trunk,and the number of insect holes below 1 m and above 2 m to the bifurcation were significantly less than the number in the middle of the trunk(1-2 m above the ground)(P<0.01).The proportion of insect holes in the trunk 1-2 m above the ground of the mildly,moderately,and severely damaged forests were 72%,76%,and 69%,respectively.3)The best-fitting models for the horizontal distribution of insect holes in the damaged forests of the three damage classes were the linear,exponential,and spherical models,with spatial dependence ranges of 58.07,4.92,and 4.70 m,and spatial variation val
作者
李硕
周在豹
闫国增
柳絮飞
胡阳
姚圣忠
李凯
LI Shuo;ZHOU Zaibao;YAN Guozeng;LIU Xufei;HU Yang;YAO Shengzhong;LI Kai(College of Ecology and Nature Conservation,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China;Forest Pest Control and Quarantine Station of Zhang Jiakou,Zhang Jiakou 075000,Hebei,China;Beijing Forestry Protection Station,Beijing 100029,China;Institue of Environmental Planning&Design,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210093,Jiangsu,China;Forestry Protection Station of Tongzhou District,Beijing,Tongzhou 101199,Beijing,China)
出处
《中南林业科技大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第6期71-80,共10页
Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(31670538)
北京市林业保护站项目(2018-HX-STLK02)。
关键词
白蜡窄吉丁
白蜡林
危害特点
种群空间分布
乡土树
Emerald ash borer
ash grove
damage characteristics
population spatial distribution
local tree
