摘要
音乐民族志的书写,旨在全方位展示人类音乐文化的多维状态与丰富内涵,从业余民族志到科学民族志,从实验民族志到反思民族志,音乐民族志书写在求真欲的引导下,走过了从本质主义(“发现”)到建构主义(“发明”)的探索路向。其中大致可由外而内,再由内而外分为三重境界:其一,客位的“真”,即研究者以科学的范式探究想象的本质意义上的“真”,忽略了文化的主体性意义;其二,主位的“真”,强调音乐文化的主体性与主体间性,尽量趋近音乐文化的内核,以近真的态度揭示文化主体的思想观念与情感体验,架设起局内与局外的桥梁;其三,共在场的“真”,书写者跳出既有文化阈限,关注主客体共谋建构的音乐文化事项,以反身性、整体性、关系性与开放性为主要的书写方式重新审视音乐文化,进而展现出音乐文化的多元面向。前者指涉一种局外人的视角,后二者则更多是一种思辩性的学术研究的视角。事实上,音乐文化是一个永恒的动态体系,音乐民族志的终极目标就是持续逼近那个永远无法绝对言说的“真”,也正因为此,音乐民族志才闪烁着迷人的光彩。
The writing of music ethnography aims to illustrate multi-dimensional states and rich connotations of music culture in a comprehensive way with the guidance of seeking for truth which has been through the exploration from essentialism(“discovery”)to constructivism(“invention”)ranging from amateur ethnography to scientific ethnography and from experimental ethnography to reflective ethnography.It can be roughly divided into three states.Firstly,it is the“truth”of objectivity.That is,researchers ignore the subjective significance of culture while exploring the“truth”of imagination with essentialism with the scientific paradigm.Secondly,it is“truth”of subjectivity that emphasizes the subjectivity and intersubjectivity of music culture,approaching the core of music culture to its utmost.It reveals the ideology and emotional experience of cultural subjects with an attitude that is close to truth and sets up a bridge between the internal and the external.Thirdly,it is the coexistence of“truth”.That is,the writer can focus on the music culture co-constructed by the subject and the object by breaking through the existing cultural thresholds and thus it can reexamine the music culture with reflexivity,wholeness,relatedness and openness as the main writing way to illustrate the multiple dimensions of music culture.The first point is from laymen’s perspective,while the latter two are more of a critical academic perspective.Music culture in fact is an eternal dynamic system,and the ultimate goal of music ethnography is to keep approaching the“truth”that can never be put in definite words and thereby it renders music ethnography a shining glamour.
作者
胡晓东
包悦力
HU Xiaodong;BAO Yueli(Music College of Jiangxi Normal University,Nanchang,Jiangxi 330022,China)
出处
《贵州大学学报（艺术版）》
2021年第3期86-93,共8页
Journal of Guizhou University Art Edition
基金
国家社科基金项目“西南民族地区佛教音乐与基层社会治理研究”(项目编号:16BMZ069)。
关键词
音乐民族志
业余民族志
科学民族志
实验民族志
反思民族志
未来民族志
music ethnography
amateur ethnography
scientific ethnography
experimental ethnography
Reflective ethnography
future ethnography
