摘要
食管癌是全球第八大最常见的癌症类型,也是第六大癌症死亡原因。其特点是出现症状时多已处于晚期,死亡率高,预后差,5 a生存率<20%,常见病理类型也因地理位置而异。目前,食管癌的流行正处于过渡阶段,虽然鳞状细胞癌仍是全球最常见的类型,但腺癌正迅速成为发达国家最常见的类型。中国的食管癌新增病例占全球的一半以上,发病率最高的是农村地区,中国华北中部是世界上食管癌发病率最高的地区。本文对食管癌相关危险因素做一综述。
Esophageal cancer is the eighth most common type of cancer in the world,and the sixth leading cause of cancer death.It is characterized by a high mortality rate,late onset of symptoms,poor prognosis.5-year survival rate<20%with geographic variation.At present,the epidemic of esophageal cancer is in a transitional phase.While esophageal squamous cell carcinoma is still the most common type in the world,esophageal adenocarcinoma is rapidly becoming the most common type in the developed countries.China accounts for more than half of the world’s new cases of esophageal cancer.The highest incidence rate incidence in China is in rural areas,such as the central part of North China,the highest incidence rate of esophageal cancer in the world.This article reviews the risk factors associated with esophageal cancer.
作者
侯欣欣
陈书昌
HOU Xin-xin;CHEN Shu-chang(The First Affiliated Hospital,and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology,Luoyang,China,471003)
出处
《食管疾病》
2021年第2期140-146,共7页
Journal of Esophageal Diseases
关键词
食管癌
危险因素
预后
esophageal cancer
risk factors
prognosis
