摘要
目的了解深圳市高血压、糖尿病患者对绿地的感知状况及利用情况的影响因素,为推进绿地相关支持性环境的研究和利用提供科学依据。方法于2019年11月至2020年1月采用分层多阶段随机抽样方法,抽取深圳市基本公共卫生服务管理满1年的1 514例35岁及以上的高血压、糖尿病患者开展问卷调查,收集调查对象人口学特征、对周围绿地感知及利用情况等信息。采用SPSS 22.0软件进行t检验、Mann-Whitney U检验、χ^(2)检验和多因素logistic回归分析。结果调查人群自报感知周围绿地的多样性、安全性、可达性、舒适性、可接近性、维护状况和周围绿地数量的评分的中位数(四分位数间距)分别为91.0分(20.0分)、92.0分(19.0分)、94.0分(17.0分)、92.0分(19.0分)、93.0分(17.0分)、92.0分(18.0分)和91.0分(20.0分),综合评分为92.0分(17.0分)。87.45%的调查对象表示会利用绿地(1 324/1 514)。使用绿地的人中,选择各项功能的比例依次为锻炼身体89.80%(1 189/1 324)、休闲娱乐55.36%(733/1 324)、释放压力33.76%(447/1 324)、独处18.50%(245/1 324)。影响绿地利用的因素包括年龄、周围是否有绿地、是否步行去周围绿地及对绿地的舒适性评价(β值依次为0.508、1.463、0.758、0.023)。结论深圳市高血压和糖尿病患者对周围绿地的感知水平较高,改善绿地的舒适性和可及性可以促进公众对绿地的利用。
Objective To explore the perception and utilization of the surrounding green space among the hypertension and diabetes patients in Shenzhen,and to provide the scientific basis for study and utilization of support environment related to green space. Methods From November 2019 to January 2020,the stratified multi-stage cluster random sampling method was used to select 1 514 hypertension and diabetes patients(≥35 years old) receiving basic public health service in Shenzhen for one year as the subjects. The investigation was performed by questionnaires to collect the information of demographic characteristics and perception and utilization of surrounding green space. The t test,Mann-Whitney U test,χ^(2) test and multivariate logistic regression were used to analyze the data. The used software was SPSS 22.0. Results The scores(median,interquartile range) of diversity,safety,accessibility,comfort,accessibility,maintenance status,the number of surrounding green space self-reported by subjects were 91.0(20.0),92.0(19.0),94.0(17.0),92.0(19.0),93.0(17.0),92.0(18.0) and 91.0(20.0),respectively;the comprehensive score was 92.0(17.0);87.45%(1 324/1 514) of subjects indicated that they would use green space. Among subjects using green space,the order of proportions choosing various functions was:exercise 89.80%(1 189/1 324),relax and entertainment 55.36%(733/1 324),stress release 33.76%(447/1 324),and being alone 18.50%(245/1 324). The influencing factors of green space utilization were age,surrounding greenspace,walking to the surrounding green space,and the comfort of the green space (β values were 0.508,1.463,0.758 and 0.023,respectively ). Conclusion The perception level of surrounding green space in patients with hypertension and diabetes of Shenzhen was higher. The comfort and accessibility of green space can affect the utilization of green space.
作者
石文惠
张竞雯
杨一兵
王静雷
雷林
彭绩
张娟
马吉祥
江宇
SHI Wen-hui;ZHANG Jing-wen;YANG Yi-bing;WANG Jing-lei;LEI Lin;PENG Ji;ZHANG Juan;MA Ji-xiang;JIANG Yu(Office of Non-communicable Disease and Aging Health Management,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 102206,China)
出处
《中国慢性病预防与控制》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第5期321-325,共5页
Chinese Journal of Prevention and Control of Chronic Diseases
基金
中国疾控中心慢病防控与控烟项目(131031001000190010)
中国疾病预防控制中心科研项目(JY18-2-01)。
关键词
绿地
感知绿地属性
健康促进
Green space
Perception of green space character
Health promotion
