摘要
随着抗生素的广泛使用,微生物的耐药性问题逐渐凸显.近年来,一类相较于传统耐药菌具有更广泛耐药性的细菌亚群——滞留菌(Persister),逐渐成为全球微生物研究的热点.滞留菌是致死浓度抗生素作用后残留的仅占种群1%的细菌.其基因序列未发生变化,但代谢活性低,不进行生长繁殖,关闭几乎所有抗生素作用靶点,处于休眠状态.在抗生素去除后,可恢复生长繁殖,而且对抗生素仍然敏感.滞留菌的形成与许多因素有关,其中,细菌的毒素-抗毒素(Toxin-antitoxin system,TA)系统起关键作用,此系统可以诱导细菌进入休眠状态,从而不被抗生素清除.TA系统是广泛存在于细菌基因组上的由两个基因组成的操纵子,编码毒素和抗毒素.目前,根据抗毒素中和毒素活性的机制,将TA系统分成6种类型.
With the widespread use of antibiotics,the emergence of multiple-drug resistant bacteria has become increasing problem.In recent years,persisters,as a class of bacterial subpopulations,which are more resistant to traditional drug-resistant bacteria and more difficult to clean up,have become a hotspot in global microbiology research.Persisters are a subset of non-growing,metabolically quiescent cells of regular bacteria that remain after bacterial cells are exposed to antibiotics.There is no mutation in its gene sequence,but its metabolic activity is low,close almost all antibiotic targets and it is in a dormant state.Once antibiotics are stopped,persister can recover from dormancy,and still sensitive to antibiotics.The formation of persister is related to many factors,among which the toxin-antitoxin(TA)system of bacteria plays a key role.This system can induce bacteria into a dormant state and thus not be cleared by antibiotics.In general,TA loci encode a toxin that causes dormancy and growth arrest of the cell,and an antitoxin that neutralizes toxin activity.These TA systems are currently divided into six classes according to their different mechanisms of regulation and are termed the typeⅠ~ⅥTA systems.
作者
尚德静
赵蕾
SHANG Dejing;ZHAO Lei(College of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China)
出处
《辽宁师范大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
2021年第2期222-231,共10页
Journal of Liaoning Normal University:Natural Science Edition
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(31672289)。
关键词
耐药菌
滞留菌
休眠
毒素
抗毒素
resistant bacteria
persister
dormancy
toxin
antitoxin
