摘要
在调查康巴诺尔湖地上植被的基础上,通过设置不同的水位条件,研究水位变化对康巴诺尔湖湿地地上植被及种子库的影响;同时,试验移植土壤种子库对荒滩上开挖的新湖淖(新建子湖)进行湖滨带乡土植被构建的可行性研究。结果表明:(1)康巴诺尔湖地上植被共计22种,隶属10科19属,以禾本科植物为主,优势种有芦苇、披碱草和水麦冬;(2)地上植被在不同水位下的分布表现为:高水位由水生植物主导,中水位由湿生植物主导,低水位由盐生植物主导;(3)地上植被的Shannon-wiener多样性指数和Margarlef丰富度指数随着水位的降低依次减小,Pielow均匀度指数随着水位的降低依次升高;(4)土壤种子库(新建子湖)优势种有芦苇、知风草、山苦荬、披碱草等。不同水位下1′号、3′号样带(移植植物加土壤样带)植株数量从多到少依次为:高水位>低水位>中水位;2′号样带(移植土壤)种子萌发量从多到少依次为:低水位>中水位>高水位;(5)种子库与地上植被的相似性指数随着水位的下降而降低。水位变化会直接影响湿地植物群落的空间分布及规模,这也是造成土壤种子库形成集群分布的主要原因。移植土壤种子库方法对新建子湖的植被恢复是可行的。
On the basis of an inventory of the above-ground vegetation in Kangbanor Lake wetland,the influence of water level changes on the above-ground vegetation and its seed bank in the Kangbanor Lake wetland was studied by setting different water level conditions.At the same time,an experiment was conducted to explore the feasibility of transferring the soil seed bank to develop native vegetation in the lakeside zone of the new lakes(the newly built sub lakes)excavated on the waste beach.The results are as follows:(1)There are 22 species of above-ground vegetation in Kangbanor Lake,belonging to 10 families and 19 genera,mainly gramineous plants.The dominant species are Phragmite saustralis,Elymus dahuricus and Triglochin palustre.(2)The distribution of above-ground vegetation under different water levels is as follows:high water level is dominated by aquatic plants;middle water level is dominated by hygrophytes;low water level is dominated by halophytes.(3)The Shannon-wiener diversity index and Margarlef richness index of the above-ground vegetation decrease with the water level decreasing,and the Pielow uniformity index increases with the water level decreasing.(4)The dominant species in the soil seed bank(in the newly built sub lakes)are Phragmites australis,Eragrostis ferruginea,Ixeris denticulata,Elymus dahuricus etc.The number of plants in samples 1and 3(transplanted plants and soil samples)under different water levels from large to small is as follows:high water level>low water level>medium water level;The rate of seed germination of sample 2(transplanted soil)from high to low is as follows:low water level>medium water level>high water level.(5)The similarity index between the seed bank and the above-ground vegetation decreased with the water level lowering down.Therefore,experiments have shown that changes in water level will directly affect the spatial distribution and scale of wetland plant communities,which is also the main reason for the formation of cluster distribution of soil seed banks.At the same time,i
作者
白洁
曹子祯
刘亚东
吴渊
洪剑明
BAI Jie;CAO Zi-zhen;LIU Ya-dong;WU Yuan;HONG Jian-ming(College of Resources,Environment and Tourism,Capital Normal University,Beijing 100048,China;College of Life Sciences,Capital Normal University,Beijing 100048,China;Beijing Bishui Tiancheng Wetland Ecological Environmental Protection Technology Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100048,China)
出处
《湿地科学与管理》
2021年第2期19-22,79,共5页
Wetland Science & Management
基金
中国绿色碳汇基金会生态扶贫专项资助项目
北京市科学技术委员会项目:张家口坝上地区湿地生态系统保护修复技术集成研究与应用示范推广(Z201100006720001)。
