摘要
为探索大熊猫选择竹类食物采食的气味机理,选用新鲜的3种可食竹秆、2-3种可食竹叶、1种供试竹笋饲喂大熊猫,观察记录大熊猫在同时提供多种竹类食物的条件下自由选择采食行为过程,随机采集的竹笋样品通过嗅感品评、电子鼻测试、HS-SPME-GC-MS联用法测定,以研究竹笋的气味特点和香气成分。结果表明:受试大熊猫在嗅闻雷竹笋或斑竹笋之后均优先于其他竹类食物选择竹笋采食,这2种供试竹笋的气味均有多种韵调,相同之处在于青香、新鲜感、嫩感、水润多汁感、甜气、果香、木质气息、草叶香和壤香,不同之处在于这些气味韵调的相对强度大小或有花香气息、油脂气息、药味等其他细微的韵调;电子鼻测试结果证明了这2种竹笋间气味韵调的差异性;香气成分分析结果证实了这2种竹笋中多种气味形成的物质基础,醛类和醇类香气成分是这2种竹笋中香气韵调及其强度的主要贡献物质类别。竹笋中明显的青香、新鲜感、嫩感、水润多汁感、轻微的甜气和果香等可能是诱导圈养大熊猫优先选择雷竹笋或斑竹笋采食的主要气味韵调。
In order to seek odor mechanism which captive giant pandas select bamboo foods to ingest,3 species of fresh edible bamboo culms,2 or 3 species of fresh edible bamboo leaves,1 of 2 tested species(Phyllostachys violascens’ Prevernalis’,Phyllostachys bambusoides f.lacrima-deae) of fresh bamboo shoots were fed to captive giant pandas for free selection and ingestion test.The ingesting behavior processes the giant pandas freely selected bamboo foods were observed and recorded under the conditions of simultaneous providing multiple bamboo foods.The bamboo shoot samples collected randomly were analysed using olfactory evaluation,electronic nose and HS-SPME-GC-MS for odor characteristics and aroma components.The results showed that these 2 species of bamboo shoots were ingested in preference to other bamboo foods after Phyllostachys violascens ’Prevernalis’ shoot or Phyllostachys bambusoides f.lacrima-deae shoot smelled by tested giant pandas.The odors from the shoots were composed of various notes,all had fresh,tender,juicy,green,sweet,fruity,woody,grassy,leafy and earthy notes,but differences were relative intensity of these notes or other faint notes such as floral,fat,oil,herb notes.The results by electronic nose proved the odor or note differences between the shoots.Formation materials of various odors or notes from the shoots were verified by HS-SPME-GC-MS.Aldehydes and alcohols in the aroma components were the main kinds of substances contributing to the aroma and strength from the shoots.Obvious green,fresh,tender and juicy,slight sweet and fruity notes from the shoots were the main odors or notes inducing captive giant pandas to selected the shoots for ingesting in preference to other bamboo foods.
作者
杨楠
林俊帆
邓虹
杨进
王慧
赵仁仟
冯志新
鲜义坤
YANG Nan;LIN Jun-fan;DENG Hong;YANG Jin;WANG Hui;ZHAO Run-qian;FENG Zhi-xin;XIAN Yi-kun(Sichuan Provincial Academy of Natural Resource Sciences,Chengdu 610041,China;Chengdu Institute of Product Quality Inspection Co.,Ltd,Chengdu 610100,China;Dadihank Biotech Corp.,Chengdu 611130,China;Agricultural and Rural Bureau of Qingshen County,Meishan 620460,China;College of Animal Science and Technology,Northwest Agricultural and Forestry University,Yangling 712100,China)
出处
《资源开发与市场》
CAS
北大核心
2021年第7期850-857,共8页
Resource Development & Market
基金
四川省科技计划重点研发项目(编号:2019YFS0462)
2017年国家林业和草业局大熊猫国际合作资金项目。
