摘要
以汽车电控机械制动系统作为研究对象,基于Simulink构建了1/4车辆制动动力学模型,分析了以较低车速和较高车速行驶在典型路面上的制动特点,证明了轮胎滑移率与路面纵向附着系数存在明显关系。对汽车制动过程进行仿真分析,证明了初始车速、路面附着系数都会对制动距离及制动时间产生影响。最终构建了PID控制算法模型,使用遗传算法对PID控制参数进行优化,弥补了传统PID控制中参数上存在的不足,完成了对理想滑移率的有效跟踪过程,并且充分利用地面附着力缩短制动距离,显著提高了制动效能以及稳定性,也进一步提升了控制过程的效率以及自动化水平。
This paper takes the electronically controlled mechanical braking system of automobiles as the research object,a 1/4 vehicle braking dynamics model is constructed based on Simulink.The braking characteristics of low-speed and high-speed driving on a typical road surface prove that there is a clear relationship between the tire slip rate and the longitudinal adhesion coefficient of the road surface.The simulation analysis of the vehicle’s braking process proves that the initial vehicle speed and the road surface adhesion coefficient will affect the braking distance and braking time.Finally,a PID control algorithm model is constructed,and the genetic algorithm is used to optimize the PID control parameters,making up for the shortcomings in the traditional PID control parameters,completing the effective tracking process of the ideal slip rate,and making full use of the ground adhesion reduction system.The dynamic distance significantly improves the braking efficiency and stability,and further improves the efficiency and automation level of the control process.
作者
齐飞
QI Fei(Department of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Yantai Automobile Engineering Professional College, Yantai 265500, China)
出处
《微型电脑应用》
2021年第6期150-152,162,共4页
Microcomputer Applications
关键词
自动化技术
控制系统
汽车机械控制
电控机械制动
PID控制
automation technology
control system
automotive machinery control
electronically controlled mechanical brake
PID control
