摘要
轮状病毒是5岁以下儿童重症腹泻的首要病原,每个5岁以下儿童均会感染,轮状病毒疫苗是预防轮状病毒腹泻的最有效手段。我国轮状病毒腹泻的疾病负担具有发病率低、检出率高、死亡率低但死亡例数高、经济负担沉重的特点。目前我国轮状病毒监测网络对轮状病毒的疾病负担、毒株监测及疫苗的评价效果较好,但对于轮状病毒死亡估计的本土数据利用不足且缺乏轮状病毒疫苗安全性监测的专门网络。我国上市的两个轮状病毒疫苗属于非免疫规划疫苗,效果及安全性良好,但实际使用中存在不同的问题。世界卫生组织建议所有国家将轮状病毒疫苗纳入国家免疫规划,希望我国在将轮状病毒疫苗纳入国家免疫规划之前能做好数据和技术的储备以支持决策。
Rotavirus is the major pathogen causing severe diarrhea among children under 5 years of age. Rotavirus vaccine has been proved to be the most effective method in rotavirus prevention and control. The prevalence of rotavirus in China is characterized by low morbidity,high positivity,low mortality but high number of deaths and high economic burden. Rotavirus surveillance network in China has achieved crucial effect in the evaluation of rotavirus disease burden,strain surveillance and evaluation of rotavirus vaccine effectiveness. However,estimation of rotavirus deaths with local data is not enough. Furthermore,no surveillance network of the safety monitoring of rotavirus vaccine has been established. The two licensed rotavirus vaccines in China,which are not included in the national immunization program,demonstrate very good effectiveness and safety,but there are still issues to be discussed in vaccination practice. WHO recommended all countries include rotavirus vaccine into national immunization program,and before that we should get prepared in data and techniques for its implementation in China.
作者
刘娜
LIU Na(National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention,China CDC,Beijing 102206,China)
出处
《中国实用儿科杂志》
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第5期328-331,共4页
Chinese Journal of Practical Pediatrics
关键词
轮状病毒
疾病负担
监测
疫苗
rotavirus
disease burden
surveillance
vaccine
