摘要
为揭示三门湾海域渔业生物群落特征现状及变化情况,于2018年春季(4月)、夏季(7月)、秋季(10月)和冬季(12月)进行了渔业资源调查,并利用相对重要性指数(IRI)、资源密度、物种多样性、ABC曲线、聚类分析、非度量多维标度分析、生态位宽度和营养级结构等方法,对该海域渔业生物群落进行了研究。结果表明:夏季渔业生物种类数最多(84种),冬季最少(42种);春、夏、秋、冬4个季节渔业生物优势种种数依次为3、6、6、2种;夏季渔业生物的数量密度和质量密度均为最大,而冬季均为最小;秋季Shannon-Wiener多样性指数平均值最大,冬季最小;秋季均匀度指数平均值最大,冬季最小;夏季丰富度指数平均值最大,冬季最小;ABC曲线分析显示,2018年4个季节渔业生物群落均受到中度干扰;群落结构分析显示,渔业生物群落季节间差异较大,渔业生物的生态位宽度值在不同季节中存在较大差异;渔业生物群落营养级结构总体呈现第三营养级种类的个体数量和生物量均占较大优势,第二营养级和第四营养级种类的个体数量和生物量相对较少,渔业生物群落结构稳定性弱化。研究表明,三门湾海域渔业生物种类数虽有一定恢复,但渔业资源衰退情况尚未得到有效遏制,今后需加强对该海域渔业资源与海洋生态的修复。
To reveal the current situation and changes in community characteristics of fisheries organisms in Sanmen Bay waters,the relative importance index,resource density,species diversity,ABC curve,cluster analysis,non-metric multi-dimensional scale analysis,niche width and trophic level structure were used to probe into the fisheries community in 20 sampling sites during a fisheries resource survey by bottom trawls in spring(April),summer(July),autumn(October)and winter(December)of 2018.The results showed that there was the maximal number of fishery species in summer(84 species)and the minimum in winter(42 species),3 dominant species in spring,6 ones in summer,6 ones in autumn and 2 ones in winter.The maximal number density and weight density of fishery biomes were observed in summer,and the minimum in winter.There were the maximal mean value of Shannon-Wiener diversity index and mean evenness index in autumn and the minimum in winter.The maximal mean richness index was found in summer and the minimum in winter.The ABC curve showed that moderate disturbance was observed in the four seasons of 2018.The analysis of community structure revealed that the seasonal differences in fisheries communities were large,and that the niche widths of fishery biomes were varied greatly in different seasons.Overall,number and biomass of the species in the third trophic levels were dominant,while the number and biomass of the species in the second and fourth trophic levels were relatively minor,with the weak stability of the structure of the fishery biological community.The findings indicated that the implementation of the fishery management system was achieved certain results,and the number of fishery biological species in Sanmen Bay waters was recovered to a certain extent,but it still suffered from the interference of human factors including high fishing pressure,nuclear power plant and breeding pollution,and the decline of resources was been effectively restricted.Therefore,it is urgent to carry out the reform of fishery resource re
作者
俞松立
王咏雪
韩晓凤
章翊涵
来洪运
章凯
张丽源
水柏年
YU Songli;WANG Yongxue;HAN Xiaofeng;ZHANG Yihan;LAI Hongyun;ZHANG Kai;ZHANG Liyuan;SHUI Bonian(College of Fisheries, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China;Taizhou Bureau of Oceanology and Fisheries, Taizhou 318000, China)
出处
《大连海洋大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第3期478-487,共10页
Journal of Dalian Ocean University
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFA0604902)
浙江省一流学科项目和浙江省软科学研究计划项目(2015C25018)
浙江省基础公益研究计划项目(LGN18D060001)。
关键词
渔业生物
群落结构
三门湾海域
营养级结构
多样性
fishery biome
community structure
Sanmen Bay waters
trophic level structure
biodiversity
