摘要
地球介质的物理属性(如速度)隐含了地球内部结构和演化信息,因而获取高精度的地下介质模型是探测内部结构的重要目标之一.全波形反演方法利用地震观测记录的振幅、相位等全波信息来重建速度和密度等介质参数模型,被认为是建立高精度地下介质模型的最有潜力的研究方法之一,其不但是石油勘探地震成像的主要研究方向,而且在结构地震学获得了较高关注和初步应用.随着该理论的完善以及计算机技术的发展,全波形反演方法已被应用于大陆尺度以及全球尺度的壳-幔结构探测,并成为探测地球深部结构的研究方向之一.本文首先简述了全波形反演理论研究及应用进展,包括地震波场正演模拟方法、目标函数构建、迭代优化方法、初始模型建立等;然后介绍了全波形反演方法在澳大利亚、东亚、欧亚大陆以及全球尺度的上地幔结构研究,并分析其探测壳-幔结构的效果;最后给出算法的优化策略(例如地震波场正演模拟、目标函数、寻优算法等),时间域或频率域的多尺度反演策略,结合其他反演方法(如走时反演)的多手段联合反演策略以及高性能计算技术将是全波形反演方法突破计算瓶颈并在内部结构成像广泛应用的可能途径.
The physical properties of the Earth(e.g.,seismic velocity)bear important information on the interior structure and evolution of our planet.High-accuracy Earth seismic models are therefore the essential goals of seismic detection.The full-waveform inversion method,using the full wave information of both amplitude and phase,is considered as one of the most potential methods to reconstruct the the interior Earth model.It is not only the main research direction of exploration seismology,but also has been paid high attention on and initially applied in structural seismology.With the recent improvements of theory and developments of computer technology,the full-waveform inversion has been applied to the detection of crust-mantle structure at a continental or global scale,which has become one of the research hotspots in the imaging of deep structure.Firstly,this paper overviews the theoretical research and application progress of full waveform inversion,including the forward modeling method of seismic wavefield,the construction of objective function,optimization methods,and the initial model.Then it illustrates the applications of the full-waveform inversion in Australia,East Asia,Eurasia and global scale.At the end,we suggest that the measures,including the optimization strategy about the algorithm(such as forward modeling method,the construction of objective function and optimization methods),the multi-scale inversion strategy in time or frequency domain,the joint inversion strategy combined with other inversion methods(such as travel time inversion)and high-performance computing technology,can be employed to break through the bottleneck of calculation and be widely used in the interior structure imaging.
作者
蒋梦凡
孙伟家
塔力哈尔·哈帕尔
魏伟
李卿卿
符力耘
JIANG MengFan;SUN WeiJia;Talihaer Hapaer;WEI Wei;LI QingQing;FU LiYun(Key laboratory of Earth and Planetary Physics,Institute of Geology and Geophysics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100029,China;Innovation of Academy for Earth Science,Chinese Academy of sciences,Beijing 100029,China;Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resource Research,Institute of Geology and Geophysics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100029,China;China University of Petroleum(East China),School of Geosciences,Qingdao 266580,China;Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai),Zhuhai 519080,China)
出处
《地球物理学进展》
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第2期464-480,共17页
Progress in Geophysics
基金
国家重点研发计划“深地资源勘查开采”重点专项(2017YFC0601206)
国家自然科学基金项目(41774060,41720104006)
中国科学院青年创新促进会(2017094)联合资助.
关键词
全波形反演
地震正演模拟
目标函数
优化算法
壳-幔结构探测
Full-waveform inversion
Seismic forward modeling
Misfit function
Optimization strategy
Crust-mantle structure investigation
