摘要
滨河城市洪涝模拟涉及地表、管网和河道等不同水流运动特征的区域,需要解决模拟中密集建筑和复杂管网的问题,并实现外洪、内涝及其耦合计算。基于蚌埠市洪水风险来源和地形地貌特征,构建了河道、城市地表和城市管网耦合水动力数学模型。河网一维模型采用实测洪水资料进行率定与验证,沿程主要测站水位和流量模拟值与实测值误差较小;地表二维模型采用设置阻水导水构筑物、分区域布置糙率、干湿边界判断等方式对模型进行优化,能够反映城市复杂地表特征,水流运动合理;管网模型通过专家咨询、现场调研和外业测量等方式对模型进行了校正;采用闸、堰、泵站和集水井等构筑物对不同模型进行耦合,实现不同区域水流的动态互馈,模型可以作为洪涝精细化模拟和预测的计算平台。以蚌埠市为例,模拟了蚌埠市城区不同洪涝频率遭遇情况下外河溃堤洪水和城市暴雨内涝淹没情况,分析了淹没水深等洪涝要素,指出了外洪的高风险区域及洪水防守要点、城区易涝区及积水水深等,可为蚌埠城市防洪决策、应急预案和防汛抢险措施制定,以及城区防洪排涝规划和设计等提供支持和依据。
The present paper is inclined to make a simulated study of the flood and waterlogging in riverside cities by taking Bengbu City(Anhui)as a case study sample,which covers regions with different water flow features,such as the urban surface,the pipe network and peripheral river channels,etc.And,in turn,it has to solve the problems,like the dense house and office buildings and complex pipe network so as to realize the external flood,waterlogging flood and the coupling calculation.Based on the source of flood risk and the topographical features of Bengbu City,we have managed to construct a coupled hydrodynamic models of river channels,the urban surface and urban pipe network,whereas the 1-D model of the river network has been calibrated and verified by the measured flood data.Hence,the results of our investigation demonstrate that the errors of the flood water level and the discharge between the simulated and actually measured data prove to be minor.The 2-D surface model has been optimized by setting the water blocking and conducting structures,the different region gap roughness,and the wet and dry boundaries,etc.Hence,the model can also prove that it would be possible and reasonable for the model to reflect the complex surface features of the city and the flow movement in it.In addition,the model of the pipeline network can also be made calibrated under the guidance of the expert consultation,as well as the field survey.As to the different parameters of the models,they can be coupled including the gates,weirs,pumping stations and water collecting wells,which can be made to realize the dynamic mutual feed of water flow in the different regions.And,all the steps taken help the model fit for the calculation platform through refined flood simulation and prediction.Taking Bengbu City(Anhui)as a case study sample,the levee breaking flood and the waterlog inundation of the outer river under the different frequencies of the river water flood have thus been simulated.Besides,we have analyzed the constitutional elements of th
作者
贲鹏
胡勇
施奇
章启兵
BEN Peng;HU Yong;SHI Qi;ZHANG Qi-bing(Anhui&Huaihe River Institute of Hydraulic Research,Hefei 230000,China;Key laboratory of Water Conservancy and Water Resources of Anhui Province,Hefei 230000,China)
出处
《安全与环境学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第2期752-757,共6页
Journal of Safety and Environment
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC0405602)
国家自然科学基金项目(51809002)。
关键词
公共安全
洪涝灾害
滨河城市
精细化模拟
蚌埠市
public safety
flood and waterlogging disaster
riverside city
refined simulation
Bengbu City
