摘要
民族地区县域义务教育均衡发展既要完成基本均衡时代的目标任务,又要应对优质均衡时代提出的新要求。以四川民族地区为例,与非民族地区相比,达标率低于全省平均水平,县域义务教育均衡发展整体状况令人担忧;民族自治州各县域义务教育均衡发展差距明显,县域中小学综合差异系数波动变化大,均衡态势不稳定,办学条件达标率偏低,部分县域虽已通过国家评估认定,但办学条件滑坡严重;民族自治县中峨边和马边彝族自治县义务教育学校办学条件和校际均衡状况欠佳,与国家评估认定标准相距甚远。究其原因,通过"模糊—冲突"矩阵理论分析可知:源于义务教育均衡发展政策的执行偏差。为此,从义务教育基本均衡到优质均衡发展,民族地区各级政府应针对义务教育学校办学条件和校际均衡发展存在的"短板"和"痛点",对标出台目标明确、任务清晰、可操作性强的整改措施,以名校集团化办学推进民族地区优质教育资源共享,构建教师培养培训一体化的双向互动、协同育人长效机制,促进民族地区县域义务教育高质量高水平发展。
The balanced development of compulsory education at the county level in ethnic areas requires the completion of the target tasks of the basic equilibrium era,while it is also necessary to meet the new requirements of the era of high quality equilibrium. Taking the ethnic areas of Sichuan as an example,the qualified rate is lower than the average level of the whole province,and the overall situation of the balanced development of compulsory education in the county area is worrying. The evaluation results indicate,however,the conditions for school operation have deteriorated seriously;the school operation conditions and inter school balance of the compulsory education schools in Ebian and Mabian Yi Autonomous Counties in ethnic autonomous counties are inferior,much lower than the national evaluation standards. Through the analysis of"ambiguity and conflict"matrix theory,we can see the deviation from the implementation of the balanced development policy of compulsory education. Therefore,from the basic balance of compulsory education to the balanced development of high quality,governments at all levels in ethnic areas should aim at the insufficiency and addressing the core issue,so as to promote resource sharing among various schools,and construct teacher training programs and promote the high-quality and high-level development of compulsory education in ethnic regions.
作者
王正惠
蒋平
WANG Zheng-hui;JIANG Ping(School of Educational Science,Mianyang Teachers College,Mianyang,Sichuan 621000;Party and Government Office,Luzhou Vocational and Technical College,Luzhou,Sichuan 646000)
出处
《民族教育研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第2期78-89,共12页
Journal of Research on Education for Ethnic Minorities
基金
国家社会科学基金西部项目“民族地区县域内义务教育均衡发展研究”(项目编号:15XMZ044)
四川省教育科研重点课题“民族地区义务教育优质均衡发展的理论与实践研究”(项目编号:SCJG20A031)
多元文化研究中心科研课题“教育信息化推进民族地区义务教育现代化研究”(项目编号:DYWH1910)的阶段性成果。
关键词
民族地区
县域义务教育
基本均衡
优质均衡
“模糊—冲突”矩阵
Ethnic areas
county compulsory education
basic equilibrium
high quality balance
"ambiguity and conflict"matrix
