摘要
目的随着互联网技术的飞速发展,彩色数字图像带来极大便利的同时,也产生了一些篡改、剽窃等侵权行为;同时,几何处理对含水印载体的破坏使水印盲检测的难度增加,因此,本文提出一种基于汉明码和图像矫正的彩色图像盲水印方法,旨在解决当前图像版权保护的难点问题。方法嵌入水印时,使用仿射变换加密彩色水印,并将已加密的信息编为汉明码,然后利用特征值分解计算出像素块的全部特征值,并通过对特征值绝对值的和进行量化来完成水印的嵌入;提取水印时,利用图像的几何属性对多种几何攻击后的图像进行判断、矫正,并借助量化技术提取水印。结果基于彩色图像标准数据库,将本文方法与7种相关方法进行了对比实验:在不可见性方面,与LU分解的水印方法相比,本文算法峰值信噪比(peak signal-to-noise ratio,PSNR)提高了4 d B;在常规攻击鲁棒性方面,与Schur分解的最新方法相比,本文算法平均归一化互相关(normalized cross-correlation,NC)的值稍有提高;在几何攻击鲁棒性方面,本文算法NC值具有一定的优势;同时,本文算法的水印容量达到了0.25 bit/像素,密钥空间达到了2^(432),运行时间仅需3 s左右。结论所提方法不仅具有较好的水印不可见性和较强的鲁棒性,而且具有较大的水印容量、较高的安全性和实时性。
Objective With the rapid development of internet technology,color digital image,the carrier of large amounts of information,not only brings great convenience to people,but also brings some infringements such as tampering and plagiarism.Thus,digital watermarking technology was proposed in the last century.Digital watermarking technology can effectively protect copyrights.However,at present,most of the studies on copyright protection of color digital images use nonblind watermarking methods,while blind watermarking methods mainly focus on binary watermarking techniques and grayscale watermarking ones,which are difficult to meet the needs of copyright protection of color digital images.In addition,in terms of the robustness of color digital image copyright protection methods,most methods can only resist traditional image attacks,while the resistance to geometric attacks is very weak;that is,most algorithms cannot extract the watermark,or the effect of the extracted watermark is poor after some geometric attacks.At the same time,image geometric processing destroys the color watermarked carrier image,which complicates the blind detection of the color digital watermark image.Thus,a blind color image digital watermarking algorithm with a large watermark capacity,high concealment security,and strong robustness needs to be designed.This study proposes a blind color image watermarking method based on Hamming code and image correction,which can effectively solve the above-mentioned problems.MethodThis algorithm uses the eigenvalue decomposition to obtain all eigenvalues of the pixel block of the host image and quantizes the sum of the absolute values of the eigenvalues to complete the hiding and blind detection of color watermark information.To improve the robustness of the algorithm,the attacks on watermarked images are judged by analyzing the geometric information of the image before extracting the watermark,so as to obtain the attack type of the color watermarked image and correct and restore them accordingly.In detail,w
作者
刘得成
苏庆堂
袁子涵
张雪婷
Liu Decheng;Su Qingtang;Yuan Zihan;Zhang Xueting(School of Information and Electrical Engineering,Ludong University,Yantai 264025,China)
出处
《中国图象图形学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第5期1138-1146,共9页
Journal of Image and Graphics
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(61771231,61772253,61872170,61873117)
山东省自然科学基金重点项目(ZR2020KF023)。
关键词
彩色图像
数字水印
汉明码
图像矫正
特征值分解
仿射变换
color image
digital watermarking
Hamming code
image correction
eigenvalue decomposition
affine transform
