摘要
组蛋白修饰作为表观遗传修饰的一种主要形式,对基因表达和表型调控具有重要作用。组蛋白修饰的N端尾区可通过乙酰化、甲基化、磷酸化等修饰来改变染色质的状态以及调控基因的表达。与脊椎动物相比,昆虫种类繁多,且有变态发育、表型复杂等特征,可以成为探索动物社会行为、发育调控和毒理作用等表观遗传基础的模型。本文总结了昆虫组蛋白修饰的主要类型(乙酰化和甲基化修饰)及修饰酶的研究进展,对染色质免疫共沉淀测序技术(chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by sequencing,ChIP-seq)、染色质转座酶可及性测序技术(assay for transposase-accessible chromatin with high-throughput sequencing,ATAC-seq)、转录组测序技术(RNA-seq)、组蛋白修饰酶功能验证以及Western blot、免疫细胞化学(immunocytochemistry,ICC)、免疫组织化学(immunohistochemistry,IHC)、酶联免疫吸附测定(enzyme linked immunosorbent assay,ELISA)等免疫学方法进行了介绍,并综述了昆虫组蛋白修饰的功能,以期为进一步研究昆虫组蛋白修饰提供借鉴和参考。同时对加强昆虫组蛋白修饰在种群水平、跨代遗传等方面的研究进行了展望。
Histone modification is one of the main epigenetic mechanisms,and plays an important role in regulating gene expression and phenotype.Histone modification can change chromatin status and regulate gene expression through modifications at the N-ternimus of histone residue,including acetylation,methylation,phosphorylation,etc.Compared with vertebrate animals,insects have higher species abundance,and unique features such as metamorphic development and complex phenotypes,making it a potential model system for exploring the epigenetic basis of social behavior,developmental regulation,and responses to toxicological substances in animals.In this review,we first provide an overview of recent advances in histone modification in insects and focus on a number of frequently studied covalent changes(mainly histone acetylation and methylation),the enzymes responsible for the covalent changes,research methods and techniques(e.g.,chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by sequencing(ChIP-seq),assay for transposase-accessible chromatin with high-throughput sequencing(ATAC-seq),RNA sequencing(RNA-seq),histone modification enzyme function verification,and immunological technique such as Western blot,immunocytochemistry(ICC),immunohistochemistry(IHC),enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA))used in these studies,and the functions of individual covalent changes to provide a reference for further study exploring histone modification in insects.This review also suggests possible future directions for insect histone modification research by making efforts to study histone modification at population level and exploring transgenerational epigenetic effects.
作者
赵岩
胡俊韬
李志红
Zhao Yan;Hu Juntao;Li Zhihong(College of Plant Protection,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China;School of Life Sciences,Fudan University,Shanghai 200438,China)
出处
《植物保护学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第2期245-266,共22页
Journal of Plant Protection
基金
国家自然科学基金(31772230)。
