摘要
《四库全书总目》子部儒家类存目部分收录“《性理字训》一卷”,提要于作者项著录为“旧本题宋程端蒙撰,程若庸补辑”,并论定《性理字训》为“村塾学究所讬名”的伪书。文章从“程端蒙、程若庸的学术传承”“《性理字训》文本的流传”“《北溪字义》提要的内证”三个方面进行论证并得出结论:《性理字训》确为程端蒙所作,后经程若庸增补为《增广性理字训》,二者皆非伪书。另外,由于《总目》修订者对《性理字训》存在的某种偏见,遂在修订《北溪字义》书前提要的过程中产生了误改现象。而《总目》之所以会对《性理字训》的真伪有这样的误判,这与其在辨伪时常用的“当作品质量与作者地位不相称时,即疑为伪讬”的辨伪方法有关,该辨伪方法需要进行重新检讨。
There is a book called Xing Li Zi Xun in the Confucian Class of Si Ku Quan Shu Zong Mu.The introduction to the author of this book is that"it is written by Cheng Duanmeng and supplemented by Cheng Ruoyong in Song Dynasty according to the old version",and this book is identified as a fake book by a country teacher.This article concludes that Xing Li Zi Xun is indeed written by Cheng Duanmeng and supplemented by Cheng Ruoyong later as Extended Xing Li Zi Xun,and neither of these two books is a fake book,which was demonstrated from three aspects:"the academic inheritance between Cheng Duanmeng and Cheng Ruoyong","the spread of Xing Li Zi Xun",and"the internal evidence of the summary of Bei Xi Zi Yi".In addition,due to the prejudice towards Xing Li Zi Xun of the editor of Si Ku Quan Shu Zong Mu,there are some correcting errors in the process of revising the summary at the top of Bei Xi Zi Yi.The reason why Si Ku Quan Shu Zong Mu makes such a wrong judgment about the authenticity of Xing Li Zi Xun is related to the method of judging authenticity which is frequently used.The method is when the quality of the book is not commensurate with the author's status,it is suspected that it is a fake book,which should be reviewed again.
出处
《贵州文史丛刊》
2021年第2期66-75,共10页
GUIZHOU CULTURAL AND HISTORICAL JOURNAL
关键词
《四库全书总目》
《性理字训》
《北溪字义》
辨伪
四库学
Si Ku Quan Shu Zong Mu
Xing Li Zi Xun
Bei Xi Zi Yi
Distinguish the Authenticity
the Study of Si Ku Quanshu
