摘要
太阳能杀虫灯在有效控制虫害的同时,可减少农药施药量。随着其部署数量的增加,被盗被破坏的报道也越来越多,严重影响了虫害防治效果并造成了较大的经济损失。为有效地解决太阳能杀虫灯物联网节点被盗被破坏问题,本研究以太阳能杀虫灯物联网为应用场景,对太阳能杀虫灯硬件进行改造设计以获取更多的传感信息;提出了太阳能杀虫灯辅助设备——无人机杀虫灯,用以被盗被破坏出现后的部署、追踪和巡检等应急应用。通过上述硬件层面的改造设计和增加辅助设备,可以获取更为全面的信息以判断太阳能杀虫灯物联网节点被盗被破坏情况。但考虑到被盗被破坏发生时间短,仅改造硬件层面还不足以实现快速准确判断。因此,本研究进一步从内部硬件、软件算法和外形结构设计三个层面,探讨了设备防盗防破坏的优化设计、设备防盗防破坏判断规则的建立、设备被盗被破坏的快速准确判断、设备被盗被破坏的应急措施、设备被盗被破坏的预测与防控,以及优化计算以降低网络数据传输负荷六个关键研究问题,并对设备防盗防破坏技术在太阳能杀虫灯物联网场景中的应用进行了展望。
Solar insecticidal lamps(SILs)are widely used in agriculture for the purpose of effectively controlling pests and reducing pesticide dosage.With the increasing deployment of SILs,there are more and more reports about theft and destruction of SILs,seriously affecting the pest control effect and leading to great economic losses.Unfortunately,many efforts remain unsuccessful,since people can destruct the components of SIL in part but not steal the whole SIL,which cannot be detected by GPRS module or can only be labeled as a fault of component.To realize the broader effect of anti-theft and anti-destruction in the scenario of Solar Insecticidal Lamps Internet of Things(SIL-IoTs),there were two types of designs which would enable substantial improvements.On one hand,SIL was reformed and designed to obtain more information from different kinds of sensors and increase the difficulty of theft and destruction of SILs.Four modules were equipped including gated switch,voltage and current module,emergency power module,acceleration sensor module.Gated switch was used to judge whether the gate of power was open or closed.Voltage and current module of battery,solar panel,lamp,and metal mesh were used to judge whether the components were stolen or destructed.Emergency power module was used for communication module after the battery being stolen.Acceleration sensor module was used to judge whether the SIL was shaking by stealer.On the other hand,the auxiliary equipment of SIL,i.e.,unmanned aerial vehicle insecticidal lamp(UAV-IL),was put forward for emergency applications after theft and destruction of SIL,e.g.,deployment,tracking,patrol inspection,and so on.Through the above-mentioned hardware design and application of UAV-IL,more information from different kinds of sensors could be obtained to make judgements about the situation of theft and destruction.However,considering the short occurrence time of theft and destruction,the design was not enough to realize fast and accurate judgments.Therefore,six key research issues in the
作者
黄凯
舒磊
李凯亮
杨星
朱艳
汪小旵
苏勤
HUANG Kai;SHU Lei;LI Kailiang;YANG Xing;ZHU Yan;WANG Xiaochan;SU Qin(National Engineering and Technology Center for Information Agriculture,Nanjing 210095,China;College of Artificial Intelligence,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210031,China;School of Engineering,University of Lincoln,Lincoln,LN67TS,U.K.;College of Engineering,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210031,China)
基金
国家自然科学基金(62072248)。
关键词
太阳能杀虫灯
防盗防破坏
无人机杀虫灯
农业物联网
节点
solar insecticidal lamp
anti-theft and anti-destruction
unmanned aerial vehicle insecticidal lamp
agricultural Internet of Things
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