摘要
目的探究本地区小儿急性腹泻常见病原菌分布情况及影响急性感染性腹泻发生的危险因素。方法以368例急性腹泻患儿为观察组,留取新鲜便液进行病原菌培养实验,分析检出阳性病原菌在患儿年龄和发病月份的相关性。将培养结果为阳性者归为病例组,以100名同龄段体检儿为对照组,单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析法分析影响小儿感染性腹泻发生的危险因素。结果368例患儿标本中共检出阳性致病菌197例,阳性检出率为53.53%,其中病毒占比70.05%,细菌占比29.95%。常见病原菌中人轮状病毒、沙门菌、大肠埃希菌、致病弧菌和志贺菌在患儿年龄分布方面差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01);人轮状病毒、人杯状病毒、沙门菌、致病弧菌分布均有明显季节性(P<0.05),其中病毒感染主要发生于春冬季节,细菌性感染主要发生于夏秋季节。单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析显示,家庭常住人口密集、有吮指习惯、近1周内接触过腹泻呕吐人员为小儿急性感染性腹泻发生的危险因素,照护人高学历、回家洗手、饭前洗手为小儿急性感染性腹泻发生的保护性因素(P<0.05)。结论春冬季节是人轮状病毒、杯状病毒感染高发季节,夏秋季节为细菌性感染高发季节,改善居住环境、提高小儿照护人员感染预防知识水平,纠正小儿吃手习惯,教育小儿饭前便后洗手,能有效预防小儿感染性腹泻发生。
Objective To explore the distribution of common pathogens in children with acute diarrhea in this area and the risk factors that affect the occurrence of acute infectious diarrhea.Methods Three hundred and sixty eight children with acute diarrhea were taken as the observation group.Fresh feces were collected for pathogen culture experiment,and the correlation between the age of the children and the month of onset of the positive pathogens was analyzed.Those with positive culture results were classified as the case group,and 100 children of the same age were selected as the control group.The single factor and multivariate logistic regression analysis method was used to analyze the risk factors of infectious diarrhea in children.Results A total of 197 positive pathogenic bacteria were detected in the specimens of 368 children,with a positive detection rate of 53.53%,of which viruses accounted for70.05%and bacteria accounted for 29.95%.Human rotavirus,Salmonella,Escherichia coli,Pathogenic Vibrio and Shigella have significance in the age distribution of children(P<0.01);The seasonal distribution of human rotavirus,human calicivirus,salmonella,and pathogenic Vibrio were significantly different(P<0.05),and viral infections mainly occur in spring and winter,and bacterial infections mainly occur in summer and autumn.Single factor and multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the family resident with dense population,the caregivers with low education,the habit of sucking fingers,and those who had been in contact with diarrhea and vomiting in the past 1 week were risk factors for the occurrence of acute infectious diarrhea in children,the caregivers with high education and washing hands before meals were protective factors for children with acute infectious diarrhea(P<0.05).Conclusion Spring and winter are the seasons for high incidence of human rotavirus and calicivirus infections,and summer and autumn are the seasons for high incidence of bacterial infections.Improving the living environment and the knowledg
作者
杜笑颖
李莉
Du Xiaoying;Li Li(Department of Pediatrics,Weinan Central Hospital,Pediatrics,Shaanxi 714000,China)
出处
《山西医药杂志》
CAS
2021年第9期1412-1415,共4页
Shanxi Medical Journal
关键词
腹泻
急性
感染
病原菌分布
危险因素
Diarrhea
Acute
Infection
Distribution of pathogenic bacteria
Risk factors
