摘要
自主性武器是美国确保其世界领导地位和维持其军事威慑力的安全支撑和重要抓手,但是,军事智能化的发展趋势引发了针对自主性武器安全问题的国际军控议题。作为其战略支撑的基础之一和军事伦理论证中的重要一环,美国在此议题上明显存在重大利益关切。近年来,美国积极参与相关的国际讨论,并在此问题上逐步明确了一系列独特的观念和立场。为实现在此议题上的全球领导力并维护其全球霸权利益,美国不仅向国际社会积极表达和重申其鲜明的立场,而且还极力通过推广美国经验向国际社会论证和佐证其立场的"美式理论"。显然,美国在自主性武器国际军控议题中所扮演的角色将对该议题的未来走向产生深刻影响。本文认为,作为不断发展壮大的中国不仅在当今的国际安全治理中扮演着日益重要的角色,而且也在该议题上存在重大利益关联。但是,中国目前对该议题的参与度明显不足:一是在该问题的立场上存在模糊甚至矛盾之处;二是深受"立场模糊,方案缺失"困局的制约。据此,中国可以通过澄清立场、拓展多元思路和不断积累经验尽快形成"中国方案",为国际安全治理和自主性武器国际军控规则的形成贡献中国力量。
The United States,which has been seeking to maintain and consolidate its position as the sole military leader since the end of the WWII,has been in strategic anxiety in recent years as China’s comprehensive national strength is becoming stronger and stronger.As is known to all that the autonomous weapon is an important lever for the United States to ensure its world leadership and maintain its military deterrence,but the developing trend of military intelligence now raises the issue of international arms control for the security of autonomous weapons.As one of the bases of its strategic support,the United States clearly has significant interests on this issue,and is very concerned about this.In recent years,it has actively participated in relevant international discussions,and has gradually formulated a series of unique idea and position on this issue.In order to maintain its global hegemony interests,the United States not only actively expresses and reaffirms its distinct position to the international community,but also tries its best to demonstrate and prove to the international community the"American theory"that supports its position by promoting American experience.Obviously,the active role of the United States in the international arms control on autonomous weapons will have a profound impact on the future of the issue.This paper argues that China,as a growing major country,should not only play an increasingly important role in the current international security governance,but also see its significant interest in this issue.Unfortunately,China’s current participation in the issue is noticeably inadequate just because of its ambiguous position on this issue and lack of constructive initiatives.Thus,this paper argues that China should put forward its"Chinese solution"as soon as possible by selectively referring to the"American role"in this issue,and contribute to international security governance and the formation of international arms control rules for autonomous weapons.
作者
王玫黎
杜陈洁
Wang Meili;Du Chenjie
出处
《国际观察》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第2期127-156,共30页
International Review
基金
2019年重庆市教委研究课题“人工智能对国际法的挑战与应对”(项目编号:19SKGH016)
2020年重庆市教委科技项目“陆海贸易新通道背景下货物多式联运法律保障体系研究”(项目编号:KJZD-K20200302)的阶段性成果。
关键词
自主性武器
国际军控
美国
人工智能
角色定位
Autonomous Weapons
International Arms Control
United States
Artificial Intelligence
Role Positioning
