摘要
沈一贯担任阁臣长达十三年之久,是后张居正时期在阁时间最长的阁臣。一般认为,沈一贯在阁期间结党营私,组成以其为中心的浙党,倾陷东林,开启了晚明党争。但在沈一贯与同僚的关系,尤其是与东林的关系实态和浙党的形成轨迹、内涵、成员等方面,史家的阐述颇多歧异。揆诸明清史籍,可知党争爆发时,沈一贯早已远离政治中心,不闻时事。因特殊时代的政治背景,舆论上特定的政治诉求,沈一贯才被冠以党魁之名,被动卷入到党争中。他是朝野相互攻讦的名号,凡是被冠之以其党羽者,皆被公论所贬斥。浙党并不是一个实体,只是一个因政治斗争而被构建的群体。此外,朝野之间、官员之间的信息沟通渠道处于不畅的状态,也是沈一贯反东林形象形成的重要原因。
Shen Yiguan,as a cabinet minister for over thirteen years,was the member that stayed the longest time in cabinet headed by Zhang Juzheng.It is generally believed that Shen Yiguan formed the Zhe Party with himeself as the center to pursue personal interests and jostled against the Donglin Party,which started the party struggle in Late Ming Dynasty.However,historians’opinions and expositions vary when it comes to Shen’s actual relationships with his colleagues,especially with the Donglin Party as well as the formation,connotation and members of the Zhe Party.According to historical records in Ming and Qing Dynasties,it can be concluded that Shen was no longer the key figure in politics when the party struggle started.It is because of the specific political claims and the special political background that Shen was branded the party leader and drawn into this struggle.Officials that followed him would be denounced by the public as he represented the Zhe Party.The Zhe Party was not an entity at first but a concept that evolved into an entity later.In addition,no communication among officials in government was also a key reason for the formation of Shen’s image of anti-Donglin Party.
作者
宋立杰
SONG Li-jie(School of History and Culture, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China)
出处
《烟台大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》
CSSCI
2021年第3期93-103,共11页
Journal of Yantai University(Philosophy and Social Science Edition)
基金
重庆市社会科学规划博士项目“沈一贯与晚明党争”(2018BS11)
西南大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目“万历朝阁臣沈一贯形象演变研究”(SWU1809699)。
关键词
沈一贯
浙党
东林
党争
万历朝
Shen Yiguan
Zhe Party
Donglin Party
party struggle
Wanli period in Ming Dynasty
