摘要
个体经济的增长、居民杠杆率的提升以及司法领域的“执行难”现象,昭示着我国应建构个人破产制度以解决自然人的市场退出问题。参与分配制度、强制执行程序和限制高消费令无法为个人债务纠纷提供终局性解决机制。个人破产制度兼顾债权人与债务人的利益,有助于提升司法效益并促进经济社会稳定发展。企业破产的实践及互联网技术的发展可确保这一制度在我国的可行性。我国个人破产制度的建构应充分考虑个人破产的特殊面向,通过清算与重整、自由财产制度、破产免责及其考察期、失权复权等制度,来充实个人破产的程序和实体内容,并防止个人破产制度被滥用。完善社会信用体系和社会保障制度、建构后续帮扶机制、普及个人破产理念,则是重要的配套措施。
It is shown by the increase in individual economy,the improvement of residents leverage ratio and the phenomena of"difficulty in enforcement"in the judicial field that our country should construct personal bankruptcy system to solve the problem of the natural persons withdrawing from the market.The actions of participating in distribution system,the procedures of enforcement,and releasing the orders of restrictions on high consumption are unable to provide a final settlement mechanism for the disputes related to personal debt.It is known that personal bankruptcy system gives equal weight to the benefit of both the creditors and debtors,and therefore it is conductive to enhance judicial efficiency and promote stable economic and social development.The practice of enterprise bankruptcy and the advancement of Internet technology can ensure the feasibility of this system in our country.The construction of personal bankruptcy system should fully consider the special character of personal bankruptcy,and then enrich the procedures and substantive contents of personal bankruptcy through liquidation and reorganization,the system of free property,bankruptcy exemption and its investigation period,as well as the loss of rights and the restoration of rights so on.The above-mentioned methods are employed to enrich the procedures of personal bankruptcy and the content of entity,as well as prevent the system of personal bankruptcy from being overused.Moreover,the procedures of perfecting social credit system and social protection system,constructing follow-up assistance mechanism,and popularizing the concept of personal bankruptcy are known as important supporting measures.
作者
刘超
孙忆楠
LIU Chao;SUN Yi-nan(School of Law,Nanjing University of Finance&Economics,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210023)
出处
《淮阴师范学院学报（哲学社会科学版）》
2021年第3期248-254,323,324,共9页
Journal of Huaiyin Teachers College(Social Sciences Edition)
基金
中国法学会2019年度部级法学研究课题“基于‘重叠共识’视角的立法协商机制研究”(CLS2019C14)。
关键词
个人破产
制度建构
破产免责
失权复权
配套措施
Personal Bankruptcy
System Construction
Bankruptcy Exemption
Loss and Restoration of Power
Supporting Measures
