摘要
中国学术界所称的“民间文学”,既是文学,又不是文学。Folklore与民间文学的意义只是大略相同,其中的神话、传说、歌谣、史诗的文学性较强,信仰、习俗、谚语的知识性较强、文学性较弱。将Folklore简单地等同于民间文学并突出其文学性,是不够准确的。Folklore还被译作“民俗学”,即关于特定民族及其民间传承的学科,是社会学的分支。苏联将Folklore中的文学因子另立为“人民的口头文学”学科,而其中的信仰、民俗、习惯则交由民族学加以研究,这就将文学成分与非文学成分区分开了。实际上,只有将民间文学中的文学成分与非文学成分放在一起研究,才能获得其真谛。
“Folk literature”in Chinese academic circles is both literature and not literature.Folklore and folk literature have roughly the same meaning.Among them,myths,legends,ballads and epics have stronger literariness,while beliefs,customs and proverbs contain much knowledge and have weaker literariness.It is not accurate to equate folklore with folk literature and highlight its literariness.Folklore is also translated as“folk custom”,which is a branch of sociology.The Soviet Union established a subject called“people’s oral literature”to include literary factors in folklore,while beliefs,folk customs and customs in folklore were studied by ethnology,which separated the literary components from the non-literary components.In fact,only by studying the literary and non-literary elements of folk literature together can we get its true meaning.
作者
陈勤建
CHEN Qinjian(School of International Chinese Studies,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200062,China)
出处
《苏州教育学院学报》
2021年第2期2-6,共5页
Journal of Suzhou College of Education
