摘要
针对近地轨道航天器及其全球导航卫星系统(GNSS)测量数据驱动的实时导航定轨方法,使用轨道动力学原理解析了由GNSS天线安装位置与航天器质心偏差造成的定轨误差。基于航天器在轨的刚体运动特性和对地姿态特征,提出针对安装关系对应的相对速度修正项。使用姿轨耦合的分析方法,明确了基于航天器质心轨道积分和天线测量点位速修正的GNSS测量信息模拟。结合扩展卡尔曼滤波(EKF)形式的实时导航算法,分析了安装关系造成的定轨系统误差。围绕半长轴确定误差的长期变化规律,仿真证明了GNSS测量数据的位速修正在高精度实时导航定轨过程中的必要性。
In terms of the real-time navigation and orbital determining method driven by the measured data of low earth orbit spacecraft and its global navigation satellite system(GNSS),the orbital determining error caused by the deviation between the GNSS antenna center and the spacecraft mass center is analyzed by using the orbit dynamic theory.Based on the rigid-body motion and attitude characteristics of spacecrafts in orbit,a correction term for the relative velocity corresponding to the installation relationship is proposed.With the analysis method of attitude and orbital coupling,a high precise simulation method for GNSS measuring is introduced based on the integral of the mass center and the position velocity modification of the GNSS antenna center.With the help of the real-time navigation algorithm in the form of extended Kalman filter(EKF),the system error in orbit determining is analyzed.The long-term characteristics of the semi-major axis determining error are analyzed,and the necessity of the position velocity correction for the data measured by GNSS during high precise real-time navigation and orbit determining is verified by simulation.
作者
杨盛庆
陈桦
徐炜莉
刘美师
王禹
钟超
YANG Shengqing;CHEN Hua;XU Weili;LIU Meishi;WANG Yu;ZHONG Chao(Shanghai Institute of Spaceflight Control Technology,Shanghai 201109,China;Shanghai Key Laboratory of Aerospace Intelligent Control Technology,Shanghai 201109,China;Shanghai Society of Astronautics,Shanghai 200235,China)
出处
《上海航天（中英文）》
CSCD
2021年第2期14-21,29,共9页
Aerospace Shanghai（Chinese&English）
基金
上海市青年科技启明星计划资助(17QB1401400)。
关键词
航天器
全球导航卫星系统(GNSS)测量
实时导航
定轨
姿轨耦合
位速修正
扩展卡尔曼滤波
spacecraft
global navigation satellite system(GNSS)measuring
real-time navigation
orbit determining
attitude and orbital coupling
velocity modification
extended Kalman filter(EKF)
