摘要
为全面把握雪茄烟叶晾制过程中氮代谢产物的变化规律,以制定合理的调制工艺,以雪茄烟品种‘Gu-5’为试验材料,研究不同晾制密度(40、60和80片·杆^(-1))对雪茄烟叶主要含氮化合物变化规律的影响。结果表明,在各晾制密度下,烟叶各类含氮化合物变化趋势较为一致。其中,总氮含量变化呈“双峰曲线”,晾制结束时含量最低;可溶性蛋白降解主要发生在萎焉期和变黄期,氨基酸积累与蛋白质降解同时进行,呈“快-慢-快”的变化规律;总生物碱含量小幅度降低;硝酸盐含量在晾制前后变化不大。不同晾制密度相比,40片·杆^(-1)处理下烟叶总氮、蛋白质和生物碱降解最快,3种化学成分均在晾制第25 d达到最低值;同时,该处理烟叶中氨基酸在晾制过程中得以充分积累,最终达到7.61 mg·g^(-1);此外,其硝酸盐含量则始终最低。综合来看,40片·杆^(-1)的晾制密度更有利于改善雪茄烟叶的品质和工业可用性。
In order to fully grasp the changes of nitrogen metabolites during the drying process of cigar tobacco leaves,to formulate a reasonable modulation process,the cigar tobacco variety‘Gu-5’was used as material to study the effects of different air-drying densities(40,60 and 80 pieces·rod^(-1))on the changes of the main nitrogen compounds in cigar tobacco leaves.The results showed that,under different air-drying densities,the changing trends of various nitrogen-containing compounds in tobacco leaves were basically consistent.Among them,the change of total nitrogen content showed a“bimodal curve”,and the total nitrogen content was the lowest at the end of air-drying;soluble protein degradation mainly occurred during the wilting phase and the yellowing phase,and the accumulation of amino acids proceeded with protein degradation simultaneously,showing a"fast-slow-fast"variation trend;the total alkaloid content decreased slightly;nitrate did not change much between before and after air-drying.Among different air-drying densities,total nitrogen,protein and alkaloids of tobacco leaves were degraded the fastest under the treatment of 40 pieces·rod^(-1),and the three chemical components all reached the lowest value at 25 d after air-drying;amino acids content was fully accumulated during air-drying process and eventually reached 7.61 mg·g^(-1);its nitrate content was always the lowest during the whole air-drying process.Taken together,the drying density of 40 pieces·rod^(-1)was more conducive to improving the quality and industrial availability of cigar tobacco leaves.
作者
邓弋戈
丁松爽
朱家明
田煜利
乔保明
时向东
DENG Yige;DING Songshuang;ZHU Jiaming;TIAN Yuli;QIAO Baoming;SHI Xiangdong(Key Laboratory of Tobacco Cultivation of Tobacco Industry,College of Tobacco,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450002,China;Enshi Tobacco Company of Hubei Province,Hubei Enshi 445000,China;Laifeng Tobacco Branch of Enshi Tobacco Company of Hubei Province,Hubei Laifeng 445700,China)
出处
《中国农业科技导报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第5期168-175,共8页
Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology
基金
湖北省烟草公司重点科技项目(鄂烟办综[2018]60号)。
关键词
雪茄烟
晾制
晾制密度
含氮化合物
cigar
air-drying
drying density
nitrogen compounds
