摘要
目的通过对2017-2019年成都市新都区中小学校及托幼机构传染病聚集性疫情分析,为学校传染病防控工作提供参考依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法,分析2017-2019年成都市新都区中小学校及托幼机构传染病聚集性疫情的发病情况和流行特征。结果 2017-2019年成都市新都区累计报告中小学校及托幼机构传染病聚集性疫情843起,主要为手足口病聚集性疫情463起(54.79%)。托幼机构发生537起,前两位的病种为手足口病447起(83.24%)和流感47起(8.75%);中小学校发生306起,前两位的病种为流感218起(71.24%)和水痘59起(19.28%)为主。全年呈现3-6月332起(39.38%)和9-12月444起(52.67%)两个发病高峰。聚集性疫情涉及全部街道/乡镇,发生数居前5位的街道/乡镇依次为新都街道(291起)、大丰街道(142起)、新繁镇(113起)、三河街道(83起)、龙桥镇(59起)。结论成都市新都区中小学校及托幼机构传染病聚集性疫情波及范围广,持续时间长,不同学段病种相对集中,可针对不同学段发病特点,制定适宜的健康教育措施;提高疫苗接种覆盖率,以减少中小学校及托幼机构的传染病聚集性疫情的发生。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of infectious diseases in primary and secondary schools and kindergartens in Chengdu from 2017 to 2019 so as to provide a reference for the prevention and control of infectious diseases in primary and secondary schools and nurseries in Chengdu.Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the incidence and epidemiological characteristics of clustered infectious diseases in primary and secondary schools and kindergartens in Xindu District,Chengdu from 2017 to 2019.Results From 2017 to 2019,a total of 843 cases of clustered infectious diseases were reported in Xindu District of Chengdu City.Specifically,463 cases(54.79%) were hand-foot-mouth diseases.There were 537 cases of cluster epidemic in kindergartens,mainly hand-foot-mouth diseases(447 cases,83.24%)and influenza(47 cases,8.75%).Totally,306 cases of cluster epidemic in primary and secondary schools occurred,mainly influenza(218 cases,71.24%) and chicken pox(59 cases,19.28%).Incidence peaks were from March to June(332 cases,39.38%) and from September to December(444 cases,52.67%).Clustered epidemic cases were reported in all the districts/towns;the top five districts/towns were Xidu Street(291 cases),Dafeng Street(142 cases),Xinfan Town(113 cases),Sanhe Street(83 cases),and Longqiao Town(59 cases).Conclusion Infectious diseases in primary and secondary schools and kindergarten lasted for a long time in one year and affected a wide range in Xindu District of Chengdu.The diseases in different age groups are relatively concentrated.Therefore,appropriate health education measures can be formulated based on the characteristics of the diseases in different age groups.Meanwhile,vaccination coverage for vaccine-preventable diseases should be extended,so as to reduce the incidence of clusters of infectious diseases in primary and secondary schools and kindergartens.
作者
文通
李会
王旻
WEN Tong;LI Hui;WANG Min(Xindu District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Chengdu 610500,Sichuan Province,China)
出处
《职业卫生与病伤》
CAS
2021年第2期94-97,共4页
Occupational Health and Damage
关键词
托幼机构
中小学校
传染病
聚集性疫情
kindergartens
primary and secondary schools
infectious diseases
outbreak in clusters
