摘要
过度教育的动态变迁和收入轨迹是教育匹配领域的重要议题,但以往文献很少将二者联合起来进行动态考察。聚焦中国城镇劳动力市场,使用2010-2018年中国家庭追踪调查数据,分析过度教育在动态变迁中的收入轨迹。研究发现:第一,序列分析结果表明,过度教育在个体职业生涯中更有可能是一种持续性现象。第二,通过使用固定效应模型,控制以个人能力为代表的、不可观测且不随时间变化的因素之后,发现过度教育者的确比同等教育程度的适度教育者拥有更低的收入水平。第三,不同教育匹配轨迹中的个体收入增长曲线表明,持续适度教育者平均收入最高,持续过度教育者平均收入水平则最低,那些摆脱过度教育的个体会实现收入的迅速增长,而陷入过度教育则收入增长明显减缓甚至出现下降。这些结论有助于理解过度教育的变迁趋势及其收入效应,从教育系统、用人单位以及劳动力市场出发,提出了政策建议。
The dynamics and wage trajectories of over-education are important issues in the study of educational matching,but the previous literature has rarely examined the dynamics of the two jointly.The present study focuses on Chinese urban labor market,using datasets from CFPS2010-2018 to examine the wage trajectory of over-education with dynamics.The findings are as below.First,the results of the sequence analysis suggest that over-education is more likely to be a persistent phenomenon in an individual’s career.Second,the fixed-effects model shows that after controlling for unobserved and time-invariant variables represented by individual ability,over-educated individuals are found to have lower wages than the matched with the same level of education.Third,the wage growth curves for the different education-matched trajectories show that the consistently moderately educated have the highest average wages,while the consistently over-educated have the lowest average wages.Those who escape from over-education achieve rapid income growth,while those who fall into over-education experience a lower wage growth and even declines.These findings have important implications for understanding the dynamics of over-education and wage effects.This paper offers policy insights from the perspectives of education system,employers,and the labor market.
作者
李晓光
姚远
Xiaoguang Li;Yuan Yao(Department of Sociology,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710049;Department of Sociology,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098)
出处
《教育与经济》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第2期78-85,96,共9页
Education & Economy
基金
中央高校基本科研业务专项资助“高学历劳动者的教育匹配研究:发生机制、变迁趋势与群体差异”(SK2021001)。
关键词
教育匹配
过度教育
变迁趋势
收入轨迹
educational matching
over-education
dynamics
wage trajectory
