摘要
利用2019-2020年贵州威宁三次不同降水性质天气过程的地面降水和雨滴谱数据,结合降水量、降水强度、降水持续时间等宏观量及其降水粒子大小、形状、速度等微观量,从降水粒子雨滴谱分布、降水反演产品与实际降水量变化趋势一致性等方面对比分析了不同类型降水粒子的统计特征。结果表明:①降水粒子数目多少和均匀性能够反映不同性质降水的变化特征,对流云降水的粒子数目多、增幅较大且分布不均匀,层状云降水的粒子数目少、增幅较小且分布均匀。②不同降水类型的粒子直径和粒子速度的范围相差较大,降水粒子直径主要集中在0.562-0.812mm之间,约占粒子总数的42.3%,降水粒子速度主要集中在3.8-5.2m/s之间,约占粒子总数的36.7%。③实际降水量、圆球形降水量和数浓度降水量最大峰值的对应性较好,且不同峰值点、波形递增递减趋势基本一致;实际降水量与圆球形降水量的相对差较小,与数浓度降水量的相对差较大,这与两者的算法有着直接的关系。④降水粒子等效质量与降水粒子直径、粒子数目多少成正比,这与实际降水量累积是一致的,其降水估测值更接近于真实值,但应考虑小于0.312mm的粒子和大于6.5mm粒子对降水累积的影响作用。
The statistical characteristics of different types of precipitation particles are compared and analyzed from the aspects of precipitation particle raindrop spectrum distribution,precipitation inversion product and actual precipitation change trend consistency by using the surface precipitation and raindrop spectrum data of three weather processes with different precipitation properties in Weining,Guizhou from 2019 to 2020 and combined with macroscopic quantities such as precipitation,precipitation intensity,precipitation duration and microscopic quantities such as precipitation particle size,shape,and velocity.The results show that:①The number and uniformity of precipitation particles can reflect the change characteristics of precipitation of different natures;Convective cloud precipitation has a large number of particles with a large increase and uneven distribution;stratiform cloud precipitation has a small number of particles with a small increase and evenly distributed.②The range of particle diameter and particle velocity of different precipitation types is quite different,the particle diameter of precipitation is mainly concentrated between 0.562-0.812mm,accounting for about 42.3%of the total,while the particle velocity of precipitation is mainly concentrated in 3.8-5.2m/s,about 36.7%of the total.③The actual precipitation,spherical precipitation,and the maximum peak of the number-concentration precipitation have a good correspondence,and the different peak points,waveform increasing and decreasing trends are basically the same;the relative difference between the actual precipitation and the spherical precipitation is small,the relative difference between the precipitation and the concentration of precipitation is relatively large,which is directly related to the two algorithms.④The equivalent mass of precipitation particles is directly proportional to the diameter and number of precipitation particles,which is consistent with the actual precipitation accumulation,the estimated precipitation value is
作者
邹书平
柯莉萍
熊凯
陈银东
张艳
黄钰
ZOU Shuping;KE Liping;XIONG Kai;CHEN Yindong;ZHANG Yan;HUANG Yu(The Weather Modification Office of Guizhou Province,Guiyang 550081,China;Weining County Meteorological Bureau of Guizhou Province,Weining 553100,China;Wuchuan County Meteorological Bureau of Guizhou Province,Wuchuan 564300,China)
出处
《中低纬山地气象》
2021年第2期1-7,共7页
Mid-low Latitude Mountain Meteorology
基金
贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合支撑[2019]2387号):雹胚形成演变微物理环境条件观测与模拟试验研究。
关键词
雨滴谱
降水量
降水强度
粒子数浓度、粒子等效体积
raindrop spectrum
precipitation
precipitation intensity
particle concentration,particle equivalent volume
