摘要
以酸性和中性水稻土为供试土壤,通过盆栽试验研究3,4-二甲基吡唑磷酸盐(3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate,DMPP)与玉米秸秆生物炭配施对水稻土氮素转化及氮肥利用率的影响。试验设置4个处理:对照(CK)、DMPP、DMPP+300℃生物炭(DMPP+300BC)、DMPP+500℃生物炭(DMPP+500BC)。结果表明:与单施DMPP处理相比,DMPP配施500℃生物炭使中性水稻土中水稻籽粒产量和氮肥利用率分别提高8.5%和10.6%(P<0.05),但对酸性水稻土作用效果不显著。DMPP配施生物炭能够有效延长硝化抑制时长,在水稻培养42 d后,土壤铵态氮(NH_4~+-N)含量高于单施DMPP处理;DMPP配施生物炭能够有效抑制NH_4~+-N向硝态氮(NO_3~--N)转化,且对中性水稻土的效果优于酸性水稻土,500℃生物炭的效果优于300℃生物炭。水稻培养21 d后,与单施DMPP处理相比,DMPP配施300℃和500℃生物炭使酸性水稻土反硝化活性分别降低了45.4%和80.9%(P<0.05),并显著高于中性水稻土。水稻培养21 d内,与单施DMPP相比,DMPP配施生物炭对2种水稻土氨氧化古菌(ammonia oxidizing archaea,AOA)丰度没有显著影响,但提高了酸性水稻土中氨氧化细菌(ammonia oxidizing bacteria,AOB)的丰度,而中性水稻土中AOB的丰度显著降低(P<0.05)。本研究结果表明,DMPP配施500℃生物炭能够通过延长硝化抑制时长和降低中性水稻土中AOB的丰度来抑制硝化作用,提高水稻籽粒产量和氮肥利用率。
The effects of combined application of 3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate(DMPP)and corn-stalk biochar on nitrogen transformation and nitrogen use efficiency in acid and neutral paddy soils were investigated by pot experiments.Four treatments were set up as follows:control(CK),DMPP,DMPP+300℃biochar(DMPP+300BC),DMPP+500℃biochar(DMPP+500BC).The results showed that compared with the DMPP treatment,DMPP combined with 500℃biochar significantly increased rice grain yield and nitrogen use efficiency in the neutral paddy soil by 8.5%and 10.6%(P<0.05),respectively,but had no significant effect in the acid paddy soil.DMPP combined with biochar could effectively prolong the duration of nitrification inhibition.After 42 d of rice culture,the ammonium nitrogen(NH+4-N)content in the two paddy soils was higher than that of the DMPP treatment.DMPP combined with biochar could effectively inhibit the transformation of NH+4-N to nitrate nitrogen(NO-3-N),and the effect in the neutral paddy soil was better than that in the acid paddy soil,and the effect of 500℃biochar was better than that of 300℃biochar.After 21 d of rice culture,DMPP combined with 300℃and 500℃biochars reduced the denitrification activities of acid paddy soil by 45.4%and 80.9%,respectively,which were better than those of neutral paddy soil.Within 21 d of rice culture,DMPP combined with biochar had no significant effect on the abundance of ammonia oxidizing archaea(AOA)in the two paddy soils,but increased the abundance of ammonia oxidizing bacteria(AOB)in the acid paddy soil,while decreased the abundance of AOB in the neutral paddy soil,as compared with the DMPP treatment.In conclusion,DMPP combined with 500℃biochar can inhibit nitrification by prolonging the duration of nitrification inhibition and reducing the abundance of AOB in the neutral paddy soil,thus improve rice grain yield and nitrogen use efficiency.
作者
刘钰莹
张妍
汪哲远
李廷强
LIU Yuying;ZHANG Yan;WANG Zheyuan;LI Tingqiang(Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health,College of Environmental and Resource Sciences,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China;National Demonstration Center for Experimental Environment and Resources Education(Zhejiang University),Hangzhou 310058,China)
出处
《浙江大学学报（农业与生命科学版）》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第2期223-232,共10页
Journal of Zhejiang University:Agriculture and Life Sciences
基金
国家重点研发计划(2017YFD0200102)。
关键词
水稻土
3
4-二甲基吡唑磷酸盐
氮素转化
氨氧化微生物
氮肥利用率
paddy soil
3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate
nitrogen transformation
ammonia oxidizing microorganisms
nitrogen use efficiency
