摘要
RNA聚合酶Ⅱ(RNA polymerase Ⅱ,RNAP Ⅱ或Pol Ⅱ)在调节生物生长发育和响应环境变化中发挥着重要的作用。转录工厂是细胞核RNA聚合酶Ⅱ集合的位点,多个基因被招募到转录工厂发生共转录,形成一个高度动态协调的过程。尽管真核生物转录过程中RNA聚合酶Ⅱ的重要功能已经被广泛研究,但是植物RNAP Ⅱ在不同生理条件下的活体动态特征仍然知之甚少。活细胞单分子成像技术和分子标记技术的发展,将有助于提升人们对植物RNAP Ⅱ的活体动态特征的新认识。主要阐述了真核生物RNAP Ⅱ的结构和功能特点,并介绍了细胞核内RNAP Ⅱ的动态调控转录机制,重点总结了活细胞内RNAP Ⅱ的动态标记和成像技术的研究进展,以期为今后开展植物RNAP Ⅱ的动态调控研究提供理论依据。
RNA polymerase Ⅱ(RNAP Ⅱ or Pol Ⅱ)plays a vital role in regulating the growth and development of organisms and responding to environmental changes.RNA polymerase Ⅱ assembles and locates at transcription factory,where multiple genes are recruited for the formation of co-transcription,which is a highly dynamic and coordinated process.Although the critical functions of RNA polymerase Ⅱ in eukaryotic gene transcription have been widely studied,the dynamic characteristics of plant RNAP Ⅱ under different physiological conditions are still poorly understood.The development of single-molecule imaging and labeling techniques in living cell will contribute to improving our new understanding of the dynamic characteristics of plant RNAP Ⅱ in vivo.In this review,we mainly expound the structural and functional characteristics of RNAP Ⅱ,and introduce the dynamic regulation and transcription mechanism of RNAP Ⅱ.Furthermore,we put the emphasis on summarizing the recent progresses in dynamic labeling and imaging techniques of RNAP Ⅱ in living cells,aiming to provide theoretical basis for further studies on the dynamic regulation of RNAP Ⅱ in plant.
作者
钱虹萍
陈博
林金星
崔亚宁
QIAN Hong-ping;CHEN Bo;LIN Jin-xing;CUI Ya-ning(Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083;College of Biological Sciences&Biotechnology,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083)
出处
《生物技术通报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第4期293-302,共10页
Biotechnology Bulletin
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(31530084)
北京林业大学科技创新计划项目(BLX201911)。
关键词
转录工厂
动态标记技术
单分子活体成像技术
调控机制
transcription factory
dynamic labeling technology
imaging technique of single-molecule in vivo
regulatory mechanism
