摘要
整体组织透明和组织切片技术是研究植物组织和器官的结构及其发育过程的常用实验手段。该文针对本科生植物学课程的侧根、胚珠(特别是胚囊)以及胚胎发育内容设计了相应的实验教学课程。该实验以拟南芥幼苗、不同发育时期的花蕾和种子为材料,经固定、脱色和组织透明,利用正置显微镜观察侧根、胚珠以及胚胎的发育过程。根组织经透明后,在显微镜下可以清晰地观察到从侧根原基的建成到侧根发生的八个发育阶段。各个发育时期的胚珠经组织透明后,在显微镜下可以清晰地观察到大孢子母细胞、功能性大孢子(FG1期)以及FG2~FG7期的胚囊。各个发育时期的种子经透明后,在显微镜下可以清晰地观察到胚胎发育的1细胞期、8细胞期、球形期、心形期、鱼雷期、拐杖期和成熟期。这些实验结果可以使学生对拟南芥等双子叶植物的侧根、胚珠以及胚胎发育过程有较为系统的了解。该实验方法在其他较小的双子叶植物中也适用。
Whole-mount tissue clearing and tissue section are useful techniques in plant anatomical and developmental researches.This paper designed an experimental course for undergraduate students to understand the developmental processes of plant lateral root,ovule(especially the embryo sac)and embryo.In this experiment,Arabidopsis seedlings,flower buds and seeds at different developmental stages were fixed,depigmented,and cleared.Then the cleared samples were observed under a microscope to identify lateral root,ovule and embryo at different developmental stages.After the root was cleared,eight developmental stages of the lateral root primordium from the formation of short initial cells to the emergence of the lateral root could be clearly observed under the microscope.After the ovules at sequential developmental stages were cleared,the megaspore mother cell,functional megaspore(FG1 stage)and embryo sacs at FG2 to FG7 stages could be clearly observed under the microscope.After the seeds at sequential developmental stages were cleared,embryos at the 1-cell stage,8-cell stage,globular stage,heart stage,torpedo stage,bent stage and mature stage could be clearly observed under the microscope.This course will enable students to have a more systematic understanding of the lateral root,ovule and embryonic developmental processes of Arabidopsis and other dicotyledonous plants.This experiment is also suitable for other small-sized dicotyledonous plants.
作者
李桂忱
刘兵
杨泽云
孙爽莉
门淑珍
LI Guichen;LIU Bing;YANG Zeyun;SUN Shuangli;MEN Shuzhen(Department of Plant Biology and Ecology,College of Life Sciences,Nankai University,Tianjin 300071,China)
出处
《中国细胞生物学学报》
CAS
CSCD
2021年第3期578-585,共8页
Chinese Journal of Cell Biology
基金
国家自然科学基金(批准号:31870230、31570247)资助的课题。
关键词
组织透明
侧根
胚珠
胚
拟南芥
tissue clearing
lateral root
ovule
embryo
Arabidopsis
