摘要
19世纪末20世纪初,中国先后掀起了两次文学革命的浪潮。1898年前后的晚清文学革命是受中日甲午战争中国失败的耻辱所激发的,其中的“小说界革命”学习西方的政治小说,赋予小说空前的政治功能。反映中日甲午战争的若干历史小说具有鲜明的政治取向,拥清或反清界限分明,部分作品留下了受近代文学革命影响的痕迹。“五四”新文化运动缘于日本企图取代德国在山东的权益,这激起了中国人民的反帝爱国浪潮。“五四”新文学革命的启蒙主义思想由于日本的全面侵华战争而发生变异。为了抗战需要,文艺大众化成为整个抗战时期文学创作的主潮,深刻影响了抗战小说创作,但各个不同政治区域的抗战小说在坚持“五四”启蒙主义传统和为政治(战争)服务的大众化立场上各有偏重,其或是缘于作家的自觉追求,或是受政治因素的制约。
Two literary revolutions took place in China in the late 19th and early 20th century. The literary revolution of the late Qing Dynasty around 1898 was inspired by the humiliation of China’s defeat in the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895, in which the “revolution in the fiction world” learned from western political novels and endowed Chinese novels with unprecedented political functions. A number of historical novels reflecting the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895 had distinct political orientation with a clear line between pro-Qing and anti-Qing attitudes;some of them had left traces of the influence by the modern literary revolution. The May-Fourth New Culture Movement, which resulted from Japanese attempt to replace the German rights and interests in Shandong, aroused a patriotic tide of anti-imperialism among the Chinese people. The changes in the enlightenment thought of the May-Fourth New Literature Revolution took place because of Japan’s all-out war of aggression against China. To meet the needs of war of resistance against Japanese aggression, the popularization of literature and art became the main trend of literary creation during the Anti-Japanese War period, which had a profound impact on Anti-Japanese War novel writing. However, the Anti-Japanese War novels in different political regions placed different emphasis on adhering to the tradition of May-Fourth Enlightenment and the popular position of serving political (war) ends, which was either originated from the writers’ conscious pursuit or restricted by political factors.
出处
《东南学术》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第3期195-210,248,共17页
Southeast Academic Research
基金
国家社会科学基金重点项目“20世纪中国反侵略战争小说研究”(项目编号:17AZW015)。
