摘要
为研究某古建筑夯土基座的渗漏特征及水分场的时空分布规律,开展了为期2年的原位监测和模型试验研究。原位监测结果表明,古建筑基座内部夯土的含水率增减幅度呈周期性变化,基座顶部以下3.0 m范围内夯土受干湿循环影响剧烈,且水分有向基座底部迁移的趋势,最终导致基座外墙及劵门拱圈部位在渗透压力下出现渗漏,墙面出现掉皮、泛碱、粉化病害。模型试验结果表明:不同雨型下,基座顶部以下2.0~3.0 m范围内夯土受降雨入渗影响较大,临近外墙和劵门的砖-土交界部位夯土的增湿速率较基座中部更快,易成为渗漏水区域;基座外侧地基无防排水措施时,降雨对基座底部以上1.5 m范围内夯土有毛细抬升现象,原位监测和模型试验相互印证了基座外围地基防渗处理能够有效防止地表径流引起的基座内部夯土入渗。
In order to investigate the seepage behavior and spatial-temporal distribution of rammed soil in an ancient building foundation(ABF), a two-year in-situ monitoring and modeling tests were carried out. The in-situ monitoring results show that the increase and decrease of internal moisture content in rammed soil are periodically changed with the water environment. Up to 3.0 m depth of rammed soil beneath the top of the ABF is seriously affected by the dry-wet circulation, and in the long run, the moisture has a tendency to migrate to the bottom of the ABF. It leads to the leakage in the side brick wall and arch ring parts of the gate under seepage pressure, and the problems such as peeling, crystalline bloom, efflorescence occur subsequently. The model test shows that, the 2.0-3.0 m depth of rammed soil below the top of the ABF is greatly affected by rainfall infiltration under different rain patterns. The overall wetting rate of the rammed soil near the brick-soil interface of the outer wall and the gate is stronger than that in the middle of the ABF, and the former is easy to become a seepage leaking area. When there are no waterproof and drainage measures on the peripheral of the ABF, there is capillary uplift of the rammed soil within 1.5 m range above the bottom of the ABF due to rainfall. Both in-situ monitoring and model test verify that the anti-seepage treatment on the peripheral of the ABF can effectively prevent the infiltration of rammed soil in the ABF caused by surface runoff.
作者
朱才辉
马帅
ZHU Caihui;MA Shuai(Institute of Geotechnical Engineering,Xi'an University of Technology,Xi'an 710048,China)
出处
《建筑结构学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第4期157-165,共9页
Journal of Building Structures
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(51678484)
国家留学基金委项目(201808610061)
西安理工大学省部共建西北旱区生态水利国家重点实验室项目(2019KJCXTD-12)。
关键词
古建筑基座
水分场
降雨入渗
原位试验
模型试验
渗漏机制
ancient building foundation(ABF)
moisture field
rainfall infiltration
in-situ monitoring test
model test
seepage mechanism
