摘要
利用细化数据测算2002—2016年中国制造业小时劳动力成本、小时劳动生产率和单位劳动力成本,并与28个不同类型国家或地区进行比较分析。结果表明在2002—2016年期间,中国制造业小时劳动力成本和小时劳动生产率都经历了快速增长,小时劳动力成本的增长速度明显超过小时劳动生产率的增长速度,单位劳动力成本先基本不变,后快速上升。中国城市制造业的小时劳动力成本、小时劳动生产率、单位劳动力成本都比乡镇要大。中国制造业单位劳动力成本已经超过菲律宾、马来西亚等周边国家,较墨西哥、俄罗斯、哥伦比亚、智利、土耳其的劳动力成本优势也基本消失。中国政府应高度重视单位劳动力成本过快上升的问题,防范倒逼机制失效的风险。
This paper calculates hourly labor cost,hourly labor productivity and unit labor cost of China's manufacturing industry from 2002 to 2016 using detailed data,and makes a comparative analysis with 28 different types of countries.The results show that during the period from 2002 to 2016,both hourly labor cost and hourly labor productivity in China's manufacturing industry have experienced rapid growth.The growth rate of hourly labor cost obviously exceeds the growth rate of hourly labor productivity,and the unit labor cost basically unchanged at first,and then rose rapidly.The hourly labor cost,hourly labor productivity and unit labor cost of manufacturing in urban areas are higher than those in rural areas.China's unit labor cost has been greater than that of neighboring countries such as the Philippines and Malaysia and its labor cost advantage over Mexico,Russia,Colombia,Chile and Turkey has also basically disappeared.Chinese government should attach great importance to the trend of rapid rise in unit labor costs and guard against the risk of the failure of the anti-driving mechanism.
作者
郭也
GUO Ye(Business School, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China)
出处
《北京社会科学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第4期4-22,共19页
Social Sciences of Beijing
