摘要
为了研究白龙江、洮河林区森林林地水源涵养效应,选取5种森林林下枯落物和土壤层为研究对象,采用浸水法、环刀法对其枯落物和土壤层持水功能进行定量研究。结果表明:5种不同林型枯落物蓄积量差异不显著,最大持水量在21.07~29.20 t/hm^(2),大小依次为冷杉林>栎类混交林>落叶松林>桦木林>油松林;枯落物持水量与浸水时间均符合Q=alnt+b的对数函数关系,吸水速率与浸水时间符合V=k·tn的幂函数关系;土壤层最大持水量在2 848.97~3 168.15 t/hm^(2),大小为冷杉林>桦木林>栎类混交林>油松林>落叶松林;5种林型0—60 cm土壤层最大持水量均占到林地持水总量的99%以上,林地水源涵养量在2 876.63~3 197.35 t/hm^(2),大小为冷杉林>桦木林>栎类混交林>油松林>落叶松林。综合研究得出,林地水源涵养能力是林木种类、土壤、立地、气候等因子共同作用的结果,半分解层是枯落物持水的主体,土壤层是林地涵养水源的主体。
Five kinds of typical forests in Bailongjiang and Taohe River forest were taken as the research objects to study their forestland water conservation capacity. The research about the forest litter and soil water-holding capacity was carried out in the 5 typical forests by means of indoor immersion and cutting-ring method. The results show that there was no significant difference in litter accumulation among 5 different forest types, and the maximum water holding capacity was between 21.07~29.20 t/hm^(2), water holding capacity decreased in the order: Abies faxoniana>Quercus liaotungensis>Larix gmelinii>Betula>Pinus tabuliformis;the relationship between water-holding capacity and immersion time of litter followed the the logarithmic function(Q=aln(t)+b), and the relationship between water absorption rate and soaking time followd the power function(V=k·tn);water conservation capacity of soil layer was between 2 848.97~3 168.15 t/hm^(2), the maximum water capacity of soil layer decreaded in the order: Abies faxoniana>Betula>Quercus liaotungensis>Pinus tabuliformis>Larix gmelinii;the maximum water-holding capacity of 5 forest types accounted for more than 99% of the total water holding capacity of forestland, and water conservation capacity of forestland was between 2 876.63~ 3 197.35 t/hm^(2), water conservation capacity decreased in the order: Abies faxoniana>Betula>Quercus liaotungensis>Larix gmelinii>Pinus tabuliformis. The semi-decomposed layer is the main body of litter water absorption, water conservation capacity of forestland is affected by forest species, soil, site and climate. Soil layer is the mainstay of water conservation of forestland.
作者
赵阳
王飞
齐瑞
陈学龙
雷炜
曹秀文
刘锦乾
杨永红
ZHAO Yang;QI Rui;WANG Fei;CHEN Xuelong;LEI Wei;CAO Xiuwen;LIU Jinqian;YANG Yonghong(Institute of Forestry Science of Bailongjiang in Gansu Province,Lanzhou 730070,China;GanSu Bailongjiang National Forest Ecosystem Research Station,Zhouqu,Gansu 746300,China)
出处
《水土保持研究》
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第3期118-125,共8页
Research of Soil and Water Conservation
基金
甘肃林业科技创新项目(KJCX201909
KJCX202001)
甘肃省林业科技项目(2015kj051,2016kj058)。
关键词
白龙江、洮河林区
枯落物
土壤
水源涵养效应
Bailongjiang and Taohe river forest
litter
soil
water conservation function
