摘要
对海南西部乐东、东方主要甜瓜主产区西州密甜瓜园0~20cm 土层土壤样品进行分析研究。结果表明:部分甜瓜园长期连作导致土壤pH值偏低,全区甜瓜园土壤平均pH值为6.08,其中pH值低于6.5的地区占70.6%;全区土壤中82.4%的土壤有机质含量高于10g/kg、64.7%的土壤碱解氮含量低于60mg/kg、100%的土壤有效磷含量大于40mg/kg、70.6%的土壤速效钾含量超过100mg/kg、64.7%的土壤交换性钙含量低于500mg/kg、17.6%的土壤交换性镁含量低于50mg/kg、76.5%土壤铜含量低于1mg/kg、100%土壤锌含量高于3mg/kg。建议施肥方案为:东方和黄流地区移苗前亩施500kg熟石灰改良土壤pH值及增加土壤中钙含量,东方地区每亩增施有机肥250kg,全区增施氮肥,不施用或少施磷肥,佛罗地区要注意增施钾肥,全区施用添加铜元素的液体肥,无需施用镁肥和锌肥。
Soil samples of 0~20 cm soil layer of the Xizhoumi muskmelon orchards in the main muskmelon production areas of Ledong and Dongfang in the west of Hainan Province were studied and analyzed.The results showed that long-term continuous cropping in some muskmelon orchards resulted in low soil pH value;the average soil pH value of the muskmelon orchards in the whole area was 6.08;70.6%of the muskmelon orchards’pH value was lower than 6.5.In the whole area,82.4%of the soils’organic matter content was higher than 10 g/kg;64.7%of the soils’alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen content was less than 60 mg/kg;100%of the soils’available phosphorus content was greater than 40 mg/kg;70.6%of the soils’available potassium content was more than 100 mg/kg;64.7%of soils’exchangeable calcium content was less than 500 mg/kg;17.6%of soils’exchangeable magnesium content was less than50 mg/kg;76.5%of soils’copper content was less than lmg/kg;100%of soils’zinc content was more than 3 mg/kg.The following was recommended fertilization program:to apply 500 kg of slaked lime per mu before transplanting in Dongfang Area and Huangliu Area in order to improve soil pH value and to increase the soil calcium content;to increase the amount of organic fertilizer by 250 kg per mu in Dongfang Area;to increase the application of nitrogen fertilizer in the whole area,without or less phosphate fertilizer;to pay attention to increase the application of potassium fertilizer in Foluo Area;to use liquid fertilizer with added copper element,without the application of magnesium fertilizer and zinc fertilizer.
作者
孟鑫
林电
MENG Xin;LIN Dian(Hainan University,Haikou 570228,Hainan)
出处
《中国热带农业》
2021年第2期86-92,共7页
China Tropical Agriculture
基金
华南海南区域富岛水溶肥新产品应用效果研究(JSYJ-2020-006)。
关键词
甜瓜种植园
土壤肥力
施肥方案
muskmelon orchard
soil fertility
fertilization program
