摘要
为了研究牛至精油(oregano essential oil, OEO)对TMR的抑菌效果以及对泌乳奶牛生产性能的影响,试验将胎次、体况、泌乳量相近的健康荷斯坦经产奶牛60头随机分为对照组和试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组,每组15头。对照组饲喂TMR,试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组分别在每头泌乳牛每天的TMR中添加复合精油20 g(含牛至精油0.26 g)、25 g(含精油牛至精油0.325 g)、30 g(含牛至精油0.39 g)。试验期为70 d,其中预试期10 d,正试期60 d。检测投料2,4,6,8小时的TMR中霉菌、酵母菌、大肠杆菌的菌落数,并测定泌乳牛的干物质采食量、产奶量以及乳成分。结果表明:TMR投料2,4小时,对照组与各试验组的大肠杆菌菌落数差异不显著(P>0.05);投料6小时,各试验组显著低于对照组(P<0.05);投料8小时,各试验组极显著低于对照组(P<0.01),但各试验组之间均无显著差异(P>0.05)。在TMR投料2,4小时,试验Ⅲ组的酵母菌菌落数极显著低于对照组(P<0.01);投料6小时,试验Ⅰ组显著低于对照组(P<0.05),试验Ⅱ、Ⅲ组极显著低于对照组(P<0.01);投料8小时,对照组极显著高于试验各组(P<0.01),试验各组之间均无显著差异(P>0.05)。TMR投料2,4,6,8小时,各组霉菌菌落数差异均不显著(P>0.05)。添加不同水平的牛至精油的TMR没有显著影响奶牛干物质采食量、产奶量以及乳成分,但试验Ⅱ组的乳蛋白率高于其他3组。说明牛至精油具有很好的抑菌效果,适宜的添加量可提高奶牛采食量以及生产性能。
In order to study the antibacterial effect of oregano essential oil(OEO) on TMR and its effect on the production performance of lactating cows, sixty healthy Holstein multiparity cows with similar gestation, body condition, and lactation were randomly divided into control group and experimental groups(groupⅠ,Ⅱand Ⅲ).Each group has 15 heads. The animals in the control group were fed TMR, the lactating cow in experimental groupⅠ, Ⅱand Ⅲ were fed TMR supplemented with 20 g of compound essential oil(including 0.26 g oregano essential oil), 25 g of compound essential oil(including 0.325 g oregano essential oil), and 30 g of compound essential oil(including 0.39 g oregano essential),respectively. The experimental period was 70 days, and preliminary trial period was 10 days, and the experimental period was 60 days. TMR samples at 2, 4, 6 and 8 h after feeding were collected for the detection of bacterial colonies of mold, yeast and Escherichia coli, and the dry matter intake, milk yield and milk composition of lactation cattle were recorded. The results showed that there was no significant difference in the number of E. coli colonies between the control group and each experimental group(P>0.05) at 2 and 4 h after TMR feeding;at 6 h after feeding, each experimental group was significantly lower than the control group(P<0.05);at 8 h after feeding, each experimental group was significantly lower than the control group(P<0.01), but there was no significant difference between each experimental group(P>0.05). At 2 and 4 h after TMR feeding, the number of yeast colonies in the experimental group Ⅲ was significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.01);at 6 h after TMR feeding, experimental groupⅠwas significantly lower than the control group(P<0.05);the experimental groupⅡ and Ⅲ was significantly lower than the control group(P<0.01);at 8 h after TMR feeding, each experimental group was significantly lower than the control group(P<0.01), but there was no significant difference between the experimenta
作者
李长志
王璐
曲永利
LI Changzhi;WANG Lu;QU Yongli(Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science,Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Reclamation,Harbin 150038,China;College of Animal Science and Technology,Heilongiang Bayi Agricultural University,Daqing 163319,China)
出处
《黑龙江畜牧兽医》
CAS
北大核心
2021年第4期104-109,共6页
Heilongjiang Animal Science And veterinary Medicine
基金
黑龙江省农垦总局项目“垦区规模化奶牛场犊牛科学培育新技术的研究”(HKKY190301-2)。
关键词
牛至精油
大肠杆菌
霉菌
酵母菌
抑菌
采食量
泌乳量
乳成分
oregano essential oil
Escherichia coli
mold
yeast
bacteriostasis
feed intake
lactation quantity
milk composition
