摘要
塔里木河流域下游作为沙质荒漠化较严重的地区之一,自2000年实施生态输水以来生态环境发生了明显变化。本文利用研究区2000年、2010年、2018年8月和9月Landsat ETM、Landsat OLI遥感数据,采用支持向量机方法对研究区进行土地利用类型分类,基于分类结果和像元二分模型对归一化植被指数(NDVI)进行植被覆盖度提取,结合植被覆盖度和沙质荒漠化之间的定量关系获取研究区不同年份的沙质荒漠等级,再综合自然、人文因子,对研究区沙质荒漠的变化进行评估。结果表明:2000—2018年生态输水后,该区重度、中度沙质荒漠面积分别减少39.15、72.26 km^(2),轻度沙质荒漠面积增加12.72 km^(2),非沙质荒漠面积没有明显变化,未分类面积(耕地、水体、建设用地)增加98.63 km^(2),表明塔里木河流域下游生态环境有效改善。结合气象数据和生态输水数据分析表明:生态输水对沙质荒漠化好转具有重要作用,且持续、充足的输水是防止沙质荒漠化恶化的有效手段。本文研究及结果对塔里木河流域下游生态环境保护具有参考意义。
The lower reaches of Tarim River Basin is a serious desertification area. Since ecological water delivery began in 2000,the ecological environment has changed significantly. Based on Landsat ETM and Landsat OLI from August to September in 2000,2010 and2018,land use types were obtained by support vector machine method in this paper. Depending on the classification results,pixel dichotomy model and NDVI,the vegetation coverage was extracted. Then based on the quantitative relationship between vegetation coverage and sand desertification,the sand desertification grades during study period were obtained. Finally,the degradation and restoration of sandy desert were evaluated using natural and human factors. The results show that the area of severe sandy desert and moderate sandy deserts has decreased 39. 15 km^(2) and 72. 26 km^(2),respectively. The area of light sandy deserts and unclassified( cultivated land,water body,construction land) has increased 12. 72 km^(2) and 98. 63 km^(2),respectively. The area of non-sandy deserts remain stable. These results reflects that the ecological environment in the lower reaches of the Tarim River has been improved effectively. Through analyzing the relationship of these changes with the meteorologicaly and ecological water delivery,we found that ecological water delivery plays an important role in the reversion of sand desertification. The sustainable and sufficient water is effective for preventing the deterioration of sand desertification.This study has reference significance for the ecological environment protection of the lower reaches of Tarim River Basin.
作者
崔永想
刘海隆
汪传建
CUI Yongxiang;LIU Hailong;WANG Chuanjian(College of Water Conservancy and Architectural Engineering,Shihezi University,Shihezi,Xinjiang 832003,China;College of Resources and Environment,Universityof Electronic Science and Technology,Chengdu,Sichuan 611731,China;College of information Science and Technology,Shihezi University,Shihezi,Xinjiang 832003,China)
出处
《石河子大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
北大核心
2021年第1期46-53,共8页
Journal of Shihezi University(Natural Science)
基金
国家重点研发计划(2017YFB0504203)
中科院先导项目(XDA20060303)
新疆重大科技专项(2016A03008-04)。
关键词
沙质荒漠
塔里木河流域
归一化植被指数
像元二分模型
支持向量机
sandy desert
tarim river basin
normalized vegetation index
dimidiate pixel model
support vector machine
