摘要
产品创新是一个“发明+商业化”的过程。为得到较高的产品创新绩效,企业不仅需要良好的新产品开发绩效(发明)做支撑,还需要在新产品的商业化过程中,具有相匹配的创新成果转化绩效。基于此,文章以知识基础观和理性行为理论为理论基础,探讨企业新产品开发绩效与创新成果转化绩效之间的偏离,即产品创新绩效偏离对双元学习平衡和互补的影响,并引入企业家导向这一企业产品创新过程中的关键情境要素,分析其对偏离和双元学习平衡或互补之间关系的调节作用。利用国内257家制造业企业的有效问卷数据检验理论模型,研究结果显示:(1)偏离负向影响双元学习的平衡,正向影响其互补;(2)当企业的新产品开发绩效大于或等于创新成果转化绩效,即偏离为正时,企业家导向加强了正偏离与双元学习平衡之间的负向关系,削弱了正偏离与双元学习互补之间的正向关系;(3)当企业的新产品开发绩效小于创新成果转化绩效,即偏离为负时,企业家导向削弱了负偏离与双元学习平衡之间的负向关系,加强了负偏离与双元学习互补之间的正向关系。
Product innovation is a process of "invention + commercialization". To achieve higher product innovation performance, firms not only need good new product development performance(invention, NPDP) to support but also need good commercialization performance(CP) matching the NPDP when selling the newly developed products to market. However, in business practice, many firms have a large output gap between their NPDP and CP. Research shows that many firms can only successfully commercialize about 59% of new products, and only about 54% of the new products can successfully profit. The capabilities of invention and commercialization are equally important in the product innovation process. Their imbalance will lead to the waste of resources and the loss of operational efficiency, and will even threaten the existence and development of firms in the long run.Therefore, this paper defines the imbalance between NPDP and CP as "product innovation performance deviation(PIPD)". PIPD can help firms analyze their weaknesses from performance feedback, so as to reasonably allocate production, achieving balanced arrangements of R&D and production. In this condition, how the firms close the gap in their capabilities through the instruction of PIPD is a problem worth discussing.The purpose of this paper is to focus on PIPD based on the knowledge-based view and theory of reasoned action, to explore its impact on the balance or complementarity of learning ambidexterity. Introducing the entrepreneurial orientation(EO), a key situational factor of the product innovation process, the paper analyzes its moderating effect on the above-mentioned relationship.To be more specific, first, for eliminating PIPD, firms not only need to conduct exploratory learning to pursue the knowledge beyond the current market;but also need to extend existing knowledge with exploitative learning. When a firm′s NPDP is greater than or equal to CP, namely PIPD being plus, it indicates that the firm has a stronger new product development capability than commercia
作者
刘瑞佳
杨建君
邓程
Liu Ruijia;Yang Jianjun;Deng Cheng(School of Management,Xi′an Jiaotong University,Xi′an 710049,Shaanxi,China)
出处
《科研管理》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第3期180-190,共11页
Science Research Management
基金
国家自然科学基金项目:“企业关键共性技术合作创新中技术知识的共享与创造研究”(71572139,2016.01—2019.12)。
关键词
产品创新
新产品开发
创新成果转化
双元学习
企业家导向
product innovation
new product development
innovation achievement transformation
learning ambidexterity
entrepreneurial orientation
