摘要
目的:探究医院2015年—2019年间不同年龄段患者尿路感染中段尿中病原菌分布及其耐药性。方法:抽取2015年3月—2019年3月间收治的住院患者尿路感染送检的尿标本和血标本中病原菌的培养以及药敏试验结果,分析其致病菌的分布以其对抗菌药物的耐药性。结果:680例尿路感染患者中,其中儿童组(6月~15岁)90例(13.23%)、成年组(16~59岁)320例(47.06%)和老年组(60岁及以上)270例(39.71%),成年组发生率高于老年组和儿童组,而儿童组均低于成年组和老年组;其中革兰阴性杆菌感染占82.80%,革兰阳性球菌感染占15.29%,真菌感染仅13例(占1.91%);感染致病菌以屎肠球菌及粪肠球菌居多;儿童组患者标本中革兰阴性菌对亚胺培南、头孢呋辛、阿莫西林及头孢哌酮的耐药率较高,而革兰阳性菌主要对呋喃妥因和注射用氨苄西林-舒巴坦钠耐药;成人组患者标本中革兰阴性菌对氨苄西林和哌拉西林耐药率较高,而革兰阳性菌对青霉素和环丙沙星较为耐药;老年组患者标本中革兰阴性菌对亚胺培南、美罗培南及阿莫西林的耐药率较高,而革兰阳性菌对万古霉素耐药。结论:加强对尿路感染患者病原学的检测和耐药结果的分析,指导临床合理选用抗菌药物治疗,有效控制医院感染。
Objective:To explore the distribution and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria in mid-stream urine of patients with urinary tract infection(UTI)in different age groups in the hospital from 2015 to 2019.Methods:The results of Pathogenic bacteria culture and drug sensitivity test were extracted from urine and blood samples of hospitalized patients with UTI from March 2015 to March 2019 to analyze the distribution of pathogenic bacteria and their resistance to antimicrobial agents.Results:Among the 680 patients with UTI,90(13.23%)were in the children group between 6 and 15 years old,320(47.06%)were in the adult group between 16 and 59 years old and 270(39.71%)were in the elderly group(60 years old and above).Gram-negative bacilli infection accounted for 82.80%,Gram-positive Cocci infection accounted for 15.29%,and fungal infection accounted for only 13 cases(1.91%).Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecalis were the main pathogenic bacteria.The drug resistance rates of Gram-negative bacteria to imipenem,cefuroxime,amoxicillin and cefoperazone were higher in the children group,while the drug resistance rates of Gram-positive bacteria were higher mainly in nitrofurantoin and ampicillin-sulbactam sodium for injection.In adult patients,Gram-negative bacteria were more resistant to ampicillin and piperacillin while Gram-positive bacteria were more resistant to penicillin and ciprofloxacin.The rates of Gram-negative bacteria to imipenem,meropenem and amoxicillin were higher in the elderly group,while Gram-positive bacteria were resistant to vancomycin.Conclusion:The detection of etiology and analysis of drug resistance in patients with UTI were strengthened,so as to guide the rational selection of antimicrobial therapy and effective control of nosocomial infection.
作者
赵雯瑕
ZHAO Wen-xia(The No.2 People's Hospital of Zhengzhou,Zhengzhou 450000,China)
出处
《抗感染药学》
2021年第2期166-170,共5页
Anti-infection Pharmacy
关键词
尿路感染
病原菌分布
抗菌药物
耐药性
Urinary tract infection(UTI)
distribution of pathogen
drug resistance
antimicrobial
