摘要
结合个人的阶层认同和社会流动预期来观察生育意愿,为分析和理解生育意愿的影响因素,进而理解低生育率陷阱的形成机制提供了一种新视角。生育意愿低的主要原因不是"养不起"孩子,而是因为在现代社会的分层机制下,人们优先选择通过地位消费来维护和提升自我地位认同,挤压了生育意愿。利用中国综合社会调查数据的实证分析发现,阶层认同会影响收入与生育意愿的关系,阶层认同向上偏差会加大收入增长对生育意愿的负向影响。个人对未来的社会流动预期与生育意愿负相关,同时向上社会流动预期也会加大收入对生育意愿的负向影响。要提高生育意愿和生育水平,不仅需要通过公共政策降低生育的私人成本,还需对育龄人群从社会价值观方面加以引导,使年轻人合理消费。
It helps to understand the factors of fertility willingness and the mechanism of the low fertility trap by investigating personal status identity and social mobility expectations.The main reason of the low willingness to give birth is not due to"the financial constrains"of raising children,but that people prefer to maintain and promote their self-identity through status consumption,which reduces the willingness to give birth.By utilizing Chinese General Social Survey(CGSS)data,the empirical analysis finds that personal status identity affects the relationship between income and fertility willingness,while the upward deviation of status identity will increase the negative impact of income growth on fertility willingness.Expectations of future social mobility is negatively related to fertility willingness,and upward social mobility expectations will also increase the negative impact of income on fertility willingness.In order to improve fertility willingness and fertility levels,it is necessary not only to reduce the private cost of fertility through public policies,but also to guide young people to consume reasonably.
作者
陈卫民
李晓晴
Chen Weimin;Li Xiaoqing
出处
《南开学报（哲学社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第2期18-30,共13页
Nankai Journal:Philosophy,Literature and Social Science Edition
基金
国家社会科学基金重点项目(15ARK001)。
关键词
生育意愿
阶层认同
社会流动预期
Fertility Willingness
Status Identity
Social Mobility Expectations
