摘要
绿洲是干旱区社会经济发展的根基,是干旱区生态保护的核心。理解和定量表征环境变化下绿洲的演化规律是沙漠治理和绿洲保护的关键科学问题。选用2002—2018年MODIS土地分类数据集MCD12Q1,计算绿洲动态度、绿洲重心、不同土地类型的绿洲化贡献率、林草水域与社会经济用地的转化率四个指标,对塔里木河流域及其四大源流流域的绿洲迁移过程进行分析。结果表明:(1)塔里木河流域的绿洲面积总体呈现扩张趋势,在2002—2018年间,流域内绿洲面积扩张28.3%。(2)在2002—2018年,塔里木河流域的绿洲重心总体向南迁移。和田河、阿克苏河、叶尔羌河以及开都孔雀河四个源流流域的绿洲重心总体上向塔里木河流域的地理中心逼近。(3)流域内林地和耕地对绿洲演化贡献度较弱,而水域和草原对绿洲的增长和衰退的贡献率较强。(4)在2002—2018年,塔里木河全流域及其源流流域均呈现出林草水域向社会经济用地转化的趋势。空间上,社会经济用地的边缘地带表现出林草水域向社会经济用地的转变;在社会经济用地的内部,出现林草水域增加的现象。上述结果定量化的揭示了2002年以来塔里木河绿洲迁移演化的显性化图景,可为塔里木河以及其他干旱流域的治理和规划提供一定参考。
Oasis is the foundation of social and economic development and the core of ecological protection in arid areas.Understanding and quantitatively depicturing the evolution of oasis in a changing environment is a critical issue underlying the desert governance and the oasis restoration.In doing so,four indicators for revealing the oasis evolution process were established,including the oasis dynamic degree,the oasis gravity center,the contribution rate of different land types to oasis evolution,and the transformation rate between WGW(woodland,grassland and waters)and UC(urban and cultivated)land.The indicators were applied to the Tarim River Basin,China,using the MODIS land classification data set MCD12 Q1 from 2002 to 2018.The results showed that:(1)the area of Tarim oasis expanded significantly by 28.3%from 2002 to 2018;(2)as the gravity center of the oasis upstream the river trended to get closer to the geographic center of the whole Tarim River Basin,the gravity center of the oasis across the whole Tarim River Basin trended to move from north to south;(3)the contributions from the changes of woodland and cultivated land to the oasis evolution is less significant than that from the changes of water surface and grassland;(4)there also was a significant trend that the WGW was transferred to the UC land during 2002 to 2018.Those founding provided an explicit picture of the migration and evolution of the Tarim River oasis since 2002,which is valuable for the environmental governance of the Tarim River and other arid basins.
作者
周瑞涛
郑航
刘悦忆
ZHOU Ruitao;ZHENG Hang;LIU Yueyi(School of Environment and Civil Engineering,Dongguan University of Technology,Dongguan 523808,Guangdong,China)
出处
《水利水电技术（中英文）》
北大核心
2021年第2期155-164,共10页
Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering
基金
清华大学-宁夏银川水联网数字治水联合研究院基金项目(sklhse-2019-Iow09)
国家自然科学基金项目“基于水能耦合的长距离调水工程优化调度理论与应用”(51909035)。
关键词
绿洲
演化
塔里木河
流域
水资源
降水
oasis
evolution
tarim
river basin
water resources
precipitation
