摘要
【目的】研究红树莓果蝇严重危害果实、降低其商品性能等制约红树莓产业发展的瓶颈问题,为红树莓果蝇的精准防控提供理论依据,为其高效诱集提供可靠技术。【方法】于红树莓田采用糖醋液对果蝇进行诱集,并于室内对果蝇种类进行形态学和分子生物学鉴定;利用诱捕器,分别采用糖醋液、自制食诱剂等9种不同配方的食诱剂,进行田间诱捕效果的比较试验;利用筛选出的高效食诱剂配方对红树莓果蝇田间发生动态进行监测。【结果】试验共诱集到果蝇成虫12115头,经形态学与DNA条形码技术鉴定发现,在红树莓田里发现的果蝇有4种,其分别为斑翅果蝇Drosophila suzukii、黑腹果蝇D.melanogaster、海德氏果蝇D.hydei和伊米果蝇D.immigrans,其占比分别为89.68%、5.71%、2.28%和2.33%,其中斑翅果蝇为优势种;比较9种食诱剂对红树莓田中果蝇的诱集效果后发现,自制糖醋菠萝香精食诱剂(其有效成分与配比为5%的红糖、5%的食醋、1%的菠萝香精)的诱虫效果最好;在对红树莓田中4种果蝇成虫动态的监测中发现,斑翅果蝇成虫在河北省保定地区2019年的发生期为5月8日—11月13日,其发生盛期为8月7日—10月9日,其发生高峰日期分别为6月19日、8月14日和10月2日。【结论】红树莓田中果蝇的优势种为斑翅果蝇;自制糖醋菠萝香精食诱剂(其有效成分与配比为5%的红糖、5%的食醋、1%的菠萝香精)对树莓果蝇的诱集效果最优;斑翅果蝇在红树莓结果期的危害严重,因此在红树莓开花始期就应对该虫进行防控,以保证树莓果品质量。
【Objective】Aiming at the key bottlenecks problems that restrict the development of the red raspberry industry,such as the serious damage to the fruit and the reduction of commodity performance induced by fruit fly(Drosophila),a theoretical basis for the rapid prediction and efficient trapping reliable technology of the pests was provided.【Method】The species of Drosophila were trapped with sugar-acetic acid-ethanol water solution in the red raspberry field,and were identified by morphological specificity and DNA barcode technique in the lab.The entrapment effects of 9 different formulas including sugar-acetic acid-ethanol water and self-made traps were compared in the field.Moreover,the annual dynamics of the flies were investigated by efficiency traps.【Result】Morphological and molecular biological identification revealed that there were 4 species of Drosophila,such as D.suzukii,D.melanogaster,D.hydei,and D.immigrans,all of which were 12115 adults,accounting for 89.68%,5.71%,2.28%,and 2.33%respectively,among which,D.suzukii was a dominant species of red raspberry filed.Compared with all treatments,one of the selfmade trap(5%brown sugar,5%vinegar,1%pineapple essence)had the best effect on the pest.The dynamics of the adult of four species of flies were monitored in 2019.Among them,the occurrence period of adult flies of D.suzukii was from May 8 to November 13 in Baoding region of Hebei province and the peak period was from August 7 to October 9,the peak days were June 19,August 14 and October 2 respectively.【Conclusion】The dominant species of Drosophila is D.suzukii j in red raspberry field.The self-made attractant(5%brown sugar,5%vinegar,1%pineapple essence)is the best to trap fruit flies.D.suzukii is the most important pest species in raspberry fruit-set period,so the managements should be carried out before the fruiting stage of red raspberries to ensure the quality of the raspberries.
作者
刘琳琳
沈梦姝
乔英翠
安文义
段伟迪
陆秀君
张雪梅
LIU Linlin;SHEN Mengshu;QIAO Yingcui;AN Wenyi;DUAN Weidi;LU Xiujun;ZHANG Xuemei(College of Plant Protection,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071001,Hebei,China;College of Forestry,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071001,Hebei,China;Baoding Forest Pest Control and Quarantine Station,Baoding 071000,Hebei,China;Hebei Walnut Technical Engineering Research Center,Xingtai 054300,Hebei,China)
出处
《经济林研究》
北大核心
2021年第1期153-160,共8页
Non-wood Forest Research
基金
河北省重点研发计划项目(19226815D)
河北农业大学林学生态学科群项目
河北农业大学创新创业项目“树莓果蝇专用食诱剂应用与推广”。
关键词
红树莓
果蝇
种类鉴定
食诱剂
发生动态
Rubus idaeus
Drosophila
species identification
trapping agent
occurrence dynamics
