摘要
【目的】探究晚霜期苹果花体温度与果园气温变化特征,为给现有的苹果花期霜冻指标及其在其他相关研究中的精准运用提供科学依据。【方法】利用树体监测仪自动监测晚霜期无霜冻日和霜冻日不同冠层花体温度和果园气温,并对监测数据进行对比分析。【结果】花体温度和果园气温均呈单峰且同步的变化趋势。无霜冻日和霜冻发生前后距地面1.5和2.0 m处的冠层花体温度相近,距地面1.5和2.0 m处的果园气温相近;霜冻发生时,距地面1.5和2.0 m处的冠层花体温度相近;距地面2.0 m处的果园气温高于距地面1.5 m处的果园气温,温差在1.0℃以内。无霜冻日,花体温度日平均值比果园气温偏高0.67~1.95℃,霜冻日及其前一日偏高2.39~3.55℃,霜冻日后4天偏高1.14~1.60℃。其中,霜冻发生前的降温时段,花体温度比果园气温高1.5~4.53℃,霜冻发生时高2.16~6.37℃,当花体温度降至0℃以下时,其温度比果园气温高2.5~4.8℃,平均高3.49℃,其中74.4%的时间段花体温度比果园气温高3.0~4.0℃。建立晚霜期苹果花体温度与果园气温的关系模型,无霜冻日夜间逐时关系拟合程度最好,霜冻发生期间每10 min花体温度与果园气温的关系拟合程度较好,平均绝对误差为0.59℃;当花体温度低于0℃时,气温越低,花体温度的计算误差则越大。【结论】分析晚霜期富士苹果花体温度与果园气温的关系,结合两者的关系模型可以为苹果花期霜冻灾害防御与灾后评估评价提供科学依据。
【Objective】Researching on variation characteristics of temperature for apple flower organ and orchard air during frost period,provided a scientific basis for more accurate use of existing apple blossom frost indicators and other relative research.【Method】The temperature of flower at different heights of canopy and orchard air was measured and analyzed by using automatic tree monitor on non-frost days and frost days during late frost period.【Result】The flower organ temperature and the orchard air temperature both followed a single peak variation trend synchronously.The flower temperature of the canopy at 1.5 m and 2.0 m above the ground was basically similar on non-frost days and before and after frost days,so did orchard air temperature.During frost period,the temperature of the canopy flower at 1.5 m and 2.0 m above the ground was basically similar.The orchard air temperature at 2.0 m above the ground was higher than that at 1.5 m,which difference was within 1.0℃.The average daily temperature of flower was 0.67-1.95℃higher than that of the orchard air on non-frost days,and was 2.39-3.55℃higher on frost days and the day before frost days,and was 1.14-1.60℃higher after four days of the frost days.Among them,the temperature of flower was 1.5-4.53℃higher than that of air during the temperature decreasing period before frost,and was 2.16-6.37℃higher during frost period.After the flower temperature dropped below 0℃,it was 2.5-4.8℃higher than that of orchard air temperature,which averaged gap was 3.49℃,among which,74.4%time period was 3.0-4.0℃higher than orchard air temperature.The relationship model between apple flower temperature and air temperature in late frost period was established,and the nocturnal hourly relationship of frost-free days fit the best,the nocturnal relationship every ten minutes had a good fit during the period of frost,the average absolute error was 0.59℃.When the flower temperature was lower than 0℃,the lower the air temperature,the greater the error of the c
作者
徐蕊
卫建国
张磊
朱永宁
王静
李红英
XU Rui;WEI Jianguo;ZHANG Lei;ZHU Yongning;WANG Jing;LI Hongying(Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster Monitoring and Early Warning and Risk Management of Characteristic Agriculture in Arid Regions,CMA,Ningxia Meteorological Science Institute,Yinchuan 750002,Ningxia,China;Ningxia Key Lab for Meteorological Disaster Prevention and Reduction,Ningxia Meteorological Science Institute,Yinchuan 750002,Ningxia,China)
出处
《经济林研究》
北大核心
2021年第1期68-74,共7页
Non-wood Forest Research
基金
国家自然科学基金项目“空气湿度对宁夏富士苹果花期霜冻指标的影响研究”(41565006)。
关键词
苹果花
晚霜期
花体温度
果园气温
apple flower
frost period
flower temperature
orchard temperature
