摘要
南非是非洲最具影响力的国家之一,是非洲电力行业发展的"领头雁",也是中非能源合作的"桥头堡"。开展南非电力市场研究对推进两国电力领域合作具有重要意义。南非电力工业起步较早,发展迅速,目前已经拥有了比较完备的电力生产、传输、配送体系。总结梳理了南非发电、输电、配电、售电领域发展现状,介绍了南非电价机制和南非电力体制改革的动因、内容和最新进展,详细分析了南非新版《综合能源规划》(IRP)和可再生能源独立发电商采购计划(REIPPPP)的主要内容。对中国电力企业开展对南电力合作提出了若干建议:密切关注南非发电领域"私有化"进程,研究相关政策和法律法规,通过老旧电站改造、股权转让和独立发电商等形式,参与南非电力市场;积极参与南非输电领域项目开发,研究和探讨更加灵活的参与形式,包括公私合营、融资租赁和延期支付等;积极参与REIPPPP招标;重视黑人振兴法案(BEE)和本地化要求,以及与金融机构的合作、汇率风险、招标程序和技术标准。
As one of the most influential countries in Africa,South Africa takes the lead in the development of African power industry and acts as the bridgehead of China-Africa energy cooperation.The research on the electricity market in South Africa is of great significance for promoting the cooperation between China and South Africa in the field of electric power.Started early and developed rapidly,South Africa′s power industry now has a relatively complete power production,transmission and distribution system.This paper summarizes the current situation of power generation,transmission,distribution and sale in South Africa,introduces the motivation,content and latest progress of South Africa′s electricity tariff mechanism and South Africa′s power system reform,and analyzes in detail the main contents of South Africa′s new Integrated Resource Planning(IRP)and Renewable Energy Independent Power Producer Procurement Programme(REIPPPP).Some suggestions are put forward for Chinese power enterprises to carry out power cooperation with South Africa,including paying close attention to the privatization process in South Africa′s power generation sector,studying relevant policies,laws and regulations and participating in South Africa′s electricity market through transformation of old power stations,equity transfer and independent power producer,actively participating in the project development in South Africa′s power transmission sector,studying and exploring more flexible forms of participation including public-private partnership,financial leasing and deferred payment,actively participating in REIPPPP bidding,and paying attention to the Black Economic Empowerment Act(BEE)and localization requirements,as well as the cooperation with financial institutions,the exchange rate risks,the bidding procedures and the technical standards.
作者
周立志
Zhou Lizhi(State Grid African Representative Office,Johannesburg,South Africa 2146)
出处
《中外能源》
CAS
2021年第2期7-19,共13页
Sino-Global Energy
关键词
南非
电力市场
电力改革
可再生能源
建议
South Africa
electricity market
electricity reform
renewable energy
suggestion
