外来人口占比影响恩格尔系数——兼论恩格尔系数衡量居民生活水平的适用性被引量：2

On the Applicability of Engel’s Coefficient to Measure the Living Standard of Residents

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摘要在制度与社会环境发生显著改变的背景下,收入以外的其他因素对恩格尔系数的影响逐渐凸显,因此,全面考察恩格尔系数的影响因素并判断其作为宏观指标是否能够有效且灵敏地反映居民生活水平具有重要现实意义。本文基于2002年至2014年的省级消费数据与2013年CHIP微观调查数据考察了地区城镇常住人口中外来人口占比对该地区居民恩格尔系数的影响。研究发现,同收入水平下,地区外来人口占比越高,该地区恩格尔系数越高。这是因为外来人口家庭的恩格尔系数显著高于户籍家庭;同时还因为地区外来人口的增加会通过对流入地餐饮业的影响而刺激该地区原住户籍居民的在外饮食消费,从而提升其恩格尔系数。这也说明,城镇化的推进与食品消费结构的转变使得恩格尔系数与收入之间的关系愈发不确定,从而导致恩格尔定律的适用性与被创建时的19世纪中期相比存在较大差距。因此,当使用恩格尔系数评判或比较地区居民生活水平时,需特别考虑外来人口占比与食品消费结构等因素,以便对所研究问题做出更准确的判断。 As the institutional and social environment changed, the influence of other factors other than income on Engel’s coefficient become prominent gradually. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to comprehensively investigate the influencing factors of Engel’s coefficient and conclude whether it can effectively and sensitively reflect the living standard of residents as a macro index. Based on the provincial consumption data and CHIP micro data from 2005 to 2014, this paper investigated the influence of non-resident ratio?on Engel’s coefficient in this region. It was found that the higher the non-resident ratio in the same income level, the higher the Engel’s coefficient. This is not only because the Engel’s coefficient of migrant families is significantly higher than that of household registration families, but also because the increase of migrant will stimulate the external food consumption of the local household registration residents in the region through its influence on the catering industry of the destination region, so as to improve the Engel’s coefficient. This also indicates that the urbanization and the transformation of food consumption structure make the relationship between Engel’s coefficient and income more uncertain, leading Engel’s law is far less applicable than it was when being proposed in the mid-19 th century. Therefore, when using Engel’s coefficient to judge and compare the living standards of residents, factors such as the non-resident ratio and food consumption structure need to be taken into consideration, so as to make more accurate conclusions on the problems studied.

作者王燕黄少安 WANG Yan;HUANG Shao-an(The Center for Economic Research,Shandong University,Jinan 250100,Shandon,China)

机构地区山东大学经济研究院

出处《消费经济》 CSSCI 北大核心 2021年第1期3-14,共12页 Consumer Economics

基金甘肃省哲学社会科学规划基金一般项目(19YB019)。

关键词外来人口占比流动人口恩格尔系数在外饮食消费 Non-resident Ratio Migrant Population Engel’s Coefficient Food away from Home

分类号 F063.2 [经济管理—政治经济学]