摘要
目的了解体育锻炼对农村留守儿童社交焦虑的影响,并验证领悟社会支持的中介和调节作用。方法2019年10-11月采用体育锻炼量表、领悟社会支持量表(PSSS)和儿童社交焦虑量表(SASC)对292名农村留守儿童进行调查,并对数据进行分析。结果农村留守儿童运动水平得分为1.32±0.59;社交焦虑得分为6.79±4.31;领悟社会支持得分为54.18±14.48。体育锻炼对农村留守儿童社交焦虑的影响显著(r=-0.211,P<0.01);锻炼时间、锻炼强度和锻炼频率对社交焦虑有显著负向影响(r=-0.219、-0.069、-0.093,均P<0.01);领悟社会支持对社交焦虑有显著影响(r=-0.227,P<0.01);家庭支持、朋友支持和其他支持对社交焦虑有显著的负向影响(r=-0.168、-0.199、-0.203,均P<0.01);领悟社会支持在农村留守儿童体育锻炼与社交焦虑关系中起中介和调节作用。结论领悟社会支持对降低留守儿童社交焦虑和参与体育锻炼均有积极影响,建议在农村留守儿童心理健康教育和学校体育教育过程中,特别注重领悟社会支持的作用。
Objective To explore the influence of physical exercise on social anxiety of left-behind children in rural areas,verify the mediator and moderator role of perceived social support.Methods From October to November 2019,292 left-behind children in rural areas were investigated by the physical exercise rating scale,perceived social support scale(PSSS)and social anxiety scale for children(SASC),and the data were analyzed.Results The score of physical exercise in rural left-behind children was 1.32±0.59,the score of social anxiety was 6.79±4.31,and the score of perceived social support was 54.18±14.48.The physical exercise had significant effect on social anxiety of rural left-behind children(r=-0.211,P<0.01),while the exercise time,intensity and frequency had significant negative effects on social anxiety(r=-0.219,-0.069,-0.093,all P<0.01).The perceived social support had significant effect on social anxiety(r=-0.227,P<0.01),while family support,friend support and other support had significant negative effects on social anxiety(r=-0.168,-0.199,-0.203,all P<0.01).The perceived social support played mediator and moderator role between physical exercise and social anxiety of left-behind children in rural areas.Conclusion The perceived social support has a positive effect on reducing social anxiety and participating in physical exercise of left-behind children.It is suggested that special attention should be paid to the effect of perceived social support in the process of mental health education and school physical education of rural left behind children.
作者
贾乃佳
JIA Nai-jia(Sports Department,Xing Zhi College,XVan University of Finance and Economics,Xi'an Shannxi,710038,China)
出处
《职业与健康》
CAS
2021年第1期63-66,70,共5页
Occupation and Health
基金
陕西省社科界2020年度重大理论与现实问题研究项目(2020Z010)。
关键词
体育锻炼
社交焦虑
社会支持感
中介和调节作用
Physical exercise
Social anxiety
Perceived social support
Mediator and moderator role
