摘要
喀斯特山区土层浅薄、生态环境脆弱,碳酸盐岩溶蚀是喀斯特山区主要成土方式,研究碳酸盐岩溶蚀对喀斯特山区土壤环境保护及土壤可持续利用具有重要意义。以贵州茂兰喀斯特森林不同类型小生境(石洞、石缝、石沟、石槽、土面、石面)为研究对象,通过溶蚀试片法于小生境内进行野外溶蚀试验,观察溶蚀速率、溶蚀形态在时间、空间上的变化,分析溶蚀速率与小生境类型、土壤理化指标、微生物的关系,探讨茂兰喀斯特森林碳酸盐岩溶蚀与成土的关系。结果表明,溶蚀时间介于0.5~2年,置于生境表面的岩石试片中,石槽的试片溶蚀速率最大,其次是土面,再次是石面,石沟轻微溶蚀,石洞、石缝未见明显溶蚀;总体上,埋于生境土壤以下的岩石溶蚀速率较置于生境表面高。相关性分析和随机森林分析表明,小生境类型是影响试片溶蚀速率的首要因子,土壤含水率、pH分别显著促进、抑制试片溶蚀。在溶蚀速率明显变化的生境中,溶蚀形态随着溶蚀时间增加而愈发明显。研究结果证实了小生境类型对碳酸盐岩溶蚀速率存在显著影响。
【Objective】Karst mountain areas are generally thin in surface soil layer and fragile in ecological environment.Dissolution of carbonate rocks is the main way of soil formation in karst mountain areas.It is of great significance to study dissolution of carbonate rocks for protection of the soil environment and sustainable utilization of the soil resources in the areas.【Method】Different types of microhabitats,such as stone cavern,stone crevice,stone gully,stone groove,earthy surface,and stone surface,were selected as research objects for the study in the Maolan Karst forest,Guizhou.The method of sheet dissolution test was used to determine carbonate rock dissolution rates in these microhabitats.Spatio-temporal variation of the dissolution rate and shape of the rocks therein was observed,and relationships of dissolution rate with type of the microhabitat,soil physicochemical properties and microorganisms therein were analyzed.In the end,relationship of carbonate rock and soil formation was discussed.【Result】Results show that with the dissolution lasting from 0.5 to 2 years,the highest sheet dissolution rate of the rock appeared in stone grooves,followed by earthy surface and stone surface.And slight dissolution was observed in stone gullies,but no significant sign in stone caverns and stone crevices.In general,the rocks buried in the soil were higher than the outcropped ones in the habitat in dissolution rate.Correlation and random forest analyses show that type of a habitat was the primary factor affecting rock dissolution,and the soil moisture content and pH were factors promoting and inhibiting rock dissolution,respectively.As the dissolution process going on and on,the morphology of dissolution became more and more apparent in the microhabitats with dissolution rate changing significantly.【Conclusion】All the findings demonstrate that type of a microhabitat has a significant impact on rock dissolution in karst mountain areas.
作者
龙健
吴求生
李娟
廖洪凯
刘灵飞
黄博聪
张菊梅
LONG Jian;WU Qiusheng;LI Juan;LIAO Hongkai;LIU Lingfei;HUANG Bocong;ZHANG Jumei(Key Laboratory for Information System of Mountainous Areas and Protection of Ecological Environment of Guizhou Province,Guizhou Normal University,Guiyang 550001,China;School of Geography and Environment Science,Guizhou Normal University,Guiyang 550001,China)
出处
《土壤学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第1期151-161,共11页
Acta Pedologica Sinica
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(41661045)
贵州省百层次创新人才项目(黔科合平台人才[2020]6010)
贵州省科学技术基金重点项目(黔科合基础[2020]1Z036)资助。
关键词
茂兰喀斯特
碳酸盐岩
溶蚀速率
溶蚀形态
成土
Maolan karst
Carbonate rock
Dissolution rate
Dissolution morphology
Soil process
