摘要
为了解水蕹菜(Ipomoea aquatic)养殖黄鳝(Monopterus albus)和水葫芦(Eichhornia crassipes)养殖黄鳝品质和重金属元素残留及水质情况,本研究分析了两种养殖模式下黄鳝氨基酸和脂肪酸含量;测定了黄鳝镉(Cd)、铜(Cu)、铅(Pb)、汞(Hg)、砷(As)5种重金属元素的含量;监测了不同时间段水体中溶解氧(DO)、总氮(TN)、总磷(TP)、总氨氮(TAN)、亚硝酸盐氮(NO_(2)^(-)-N)及化学耗氧量(COD)等水质指标。结果表明:(1)两组黄鳝均测出17种氨基酸和15种脂肪酸。除水蕹菜组亮氨酸和组氨酸含量显著高于水葫芦组(p<0.05),其余氨基酸含量差异不显著;水蕹菜组黄鳝棕榈油酸、油酸、及二十碳三烯酸含量显著低于水葫芦组(p<0.05),二十碳一烯酸、芥酸、亚油酸及二十碳五烯酸含量显著高于水葫芦组(p<0.05),二十二碳六烯酸含量极显著高于水葫芦组(p<0.01);(2)两组黄鳝均未检测到As,除Hg和Pb含量差异不显著以外,水蕹菜组黄鳝重金属含量均高于水葫芦组(p<0.05),但均未超出相关食品安全标准,且单因子污染指数评价结果显示两组黄鳝均未受重金属污染;(3)水蕹菜组水体中DO含量高于水葫芦组,且水蕹菜对TN、TP、TAN、NO_(2)^(-)-N及COD的去除效果均优于水葫芦。除此之外,水蕹菜养殖黄鳝显著提高了黄鳝的成活率和产量,多达15次的水蕹菜收割,水蕹菜产量达到了117841.08 kg/hm^(2)。总的来说,水蕹菜代替水葫芦养殖黄鳝这种新型的"鱼菜共生"养殖模式不仅提高了黄鳝的营养价值,净化了水质,而且实现了"一水两用",提高了养殖收益,值得大力推广。
In order to investigate the water quality,heavy metal elements residue and quality of Monopterus alb us cultivated with Eichhornia crassipes and Ipomoea aquatic,the amino acid and fatty acid contents of M.albus,the heavy metal elements residue,including Cd,Cu,Pb,Hg,As,and indexes including dissolved oxygen(DO),total nitrogen(TN),total phosphorus(TP),total amomium nitrogen(TAN),nitrite nitrogen(NO_(2)^(-)-N)and chemical oxygen demand(COD)associated with water quality were analyzed in this study.Results were as follows:(1)17 amino acids and 15 fatty acids were detected from two groups,respectively.There was no significant difference in amino acid content of two groups except that leucine and histidine contents of M.alb us cultivated with Ipomoea aquatic were higher than that of M.albus cultivated with Eichhornia crassipes(p<0.05).The contents of palmitoleic acid,oleic acid,and eicosatrienoic acid in muscles of M.albus cultivated with Ipomoea aquatic were lower than Eichhornia crassipes group(p<0.05),the contents of eicosaenoic acid,erucic acid,linoleic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid(EPA)were higher than Eichhornia crassipes group(p<0.05),and the content of docosahexaenoic acid(DHA)was significantly higher than Eichhornia crassipes group(p<0.01);(2)As was not detected from the two groups,the heavy metal contents of Ipomoea aquatic group were higher than Eichhornia crass ipes group(p<0.05)except that there was no difference between Hg and Pb contents,but the heavy metal elements residue of two groups did not exceed the relevant food safety standards,and the M.albus of two groups were not polluted by heavy metals by single factor pollution index method;(3)The DO content of Ipomoea aquatic group was higher than Eichhornia crassipes group,and the removal efficiency of TN,TP,TAN,NO_(2)^(-)-N,and COD of Ipomoea aquatic was superior to Eichhornia crassipes.Besides,the survival rate and yield of M.albus increased significantly of Ipomoea aquatic group,and the yield of Ipomoea aquatic reached as high as 117841.08 kg/hm^(2) b
作者
杨宗英
王玉兰
徐宝庆
侯玉洁
邹新建
胡鲲
桂卫星
Yang Zongying;Wang Yulan;Xu Baoqing;Hou Yujie;Zou Xinjian;Hu Kun;Gui Weixing(Nanchang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanchang,330038;State Collection Center of Aquatic Pathogen,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai,201306)
出处
《基因组学与应用生物学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第12期5471-5480,共10页
Genomics and Applied Biology
基金
江西省重点研发计划项目(20161BBF60004)
江西省特种水产产业体系(JXARS-10)共同资助。
